Intradiaphragmatic Bronchogenic Cysts: Case Report and Systematic Review

Abstract

Bronchogenic cysts (BC) are congenital abnormalities that occur most commonly within the mediastinum, and rarely occur within the diaphragm. We present the 21st case of an intradiaphragmatic bronchogenic cyst in the English literature, and review all previous published cases. Analysis includes presenting clinical symptoms, relevant radiologic studies, surgical approaches to resection, and management of the diaphragm, among other relevant data. These lesions should remain on the differential diagnosis in cases of unusual masses in the region of the diaphragm.

Mucoepidermoid Carcinoma of Arising from a Bronchogenic Cyst of the Diaphragm

“…Although bronchogenic cysts are asymptomatic and in many cases discovered incidentally during medical checkups or workups for other diseases, intradiaphragmatic bronchogenic cysts can present with common respiratory symptoms, such as cough, or back pain from compression or irritation of adjacent structures. 2 ) According to previous reports, 2 ) intradiaphragmatic bronchogenic cysts have CT and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics similar to those of mediastinal bronchogenic cysts, showing hypoenhancing homogeneous soft tissue masses. 2 ) Frequently, preoperative localization of these lesions is difficult, and based on imaging findings they may be mistakenly thought to be either within the abdominal or thoracic cavities, rather than within the diaphragm itself.…”

“… 2 ) According to previous reports, 2 ) intradiaphragmatic bronchogenic cysts have CT and magnetic resonance imaging characteristics similar to those of mediastinal bronchogenic cysts, showing hypoenhancing homogeneous soft tissue masses. 2 ) Frequently, preoperative localization of these lesions is difficult, and based on imaging findings they may be mistakenly thought to be either within the abdominal or thoracic cavities, rather than within the diaphragm itself. The CT image findings of the present case might likely showed hyperenhancement of the diaphragmatic mass because the cyst had undergone malignant degeneration.…”

“…1 ) While bronchogenic cysts are commonly located in the mediastinum, an intradiaphragmatic location is exceedingly rare. 2 ) In general, bronchogenic cysts may not only be complicated by rupture or infection, but rarely they may undergo malignant degeneration. 2 , 3 ) Surgical resection is a treatment option for a bronchogenic cyst.…”

“… 2 ) In general, bronchogenic cysts may not only be complicated by rupture or infection, but rarely they may undergo malignant degeneration. 2 , 3 ) Surgical resection is a treatment option for a bronchogenic cyst. 4 ) Although various types of malignant degeneration of bronchogenic cysts have been described previously, 2 , 3 ) only a few reports of a mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising from a bronchogenic cyst have been reported.…”

“… 2 , 3 ) Surgical resection is a treatment option for a bronchogenic cyst. 4 ) Although various types of malignant degeneration of bronchogenic cysts have been described previously, 2 , 3 ) only a few reports of a mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising from a bronchogenic cyst have been reported. 3 , 5 ) To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report describing the rare occurrence of a mucoepidermoid carcinoma arising from a bronchogenic cyst of the diaphragm.…”