Intradermal Administration of Fractional Doses of Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine: A Dose-Sparing Option for Polio Immunization

Abstract

A fractional dose of inactivated poliovirus vaccine (fIPV) administered by the intradermal route delivers one fifth of the full vaccine dose administered by the intramuscular route and offers a potential dose-sparing strategy to stretch the limited global IPV supply while further improving population immunity. Multiple studies have assessed immunogenicity of intradermal fIPV compared with the full intramuscular dose and demonstrated encouraging results. Novel intradermal devices, including intradermal adapters and disposable-syringe jet injectors, have also been developed and evaluated as alternatives to traditional Bacillus Calmette–Guérin needles and syringes for the administration of fIPV. Initial experience in India, Pakistan, and Sri Lanka suggests that it is operationally feasible to implement fIPV vaccination on a large scale. Given the available scientific data and operational feasibility shown in early-adopter countries, countries are encouraged to consider introducing a fIPV strategy into their routine immunization and supplementary immunization activities.

Enhanced immunity in intradermal vaccination by novel hollow microneedles

“…Induction of sufficient immune responses by ID delivery of the fractional dose of an existing formulation was encouraging. Since reformulation of existing vaccine needs expensive processes, the present results may facilitate the development of ID delivery as an alternative to SC/IM vaccination.…”

Remarks on the possibility of introducing the fractionated dose of the inactivated poliomyelitis vaccine in the Latin American Child Immunization Schedule

“…One of the additional challenges in the potential adoption of the intradermal IPV-f vaccination strategy is that it is more complex than delivering IM vaccines 23,24 .…”

Consideraciones referente a la posibilidad de introducir la dosis fraccionada de la vacuna antipoliomielitis inactivada en el calendario de Inmunizaciones del Niño Latinoamericano

“…Uno de los desafíos adicionales en el eventual caso de adopción de la estrategia de vacunación de la IPV-f por vía intradérmica, es que la misma es más compleja que la administración de vacunas utilizando la vía intramuscular 23,24 . Es necesario el entrenamiento del personal ya que no en todos los vacunatorios existe experiencia con vacunas de administración intradérmica (ej.…”