Abstract:A wide variety of peptides not only interact with the cell surface, but govern complex signaling from inside the cell. This has been referred to as an “intracrine” action, and the orchestrating molecules as “intracrines”. Here, we review the intracrine action of dynorphin B, a bioactive end-product of the prodynorphin gene, on nuclear opioid receptors and nuclear protein kinase C signaling to stimulate the transcription of a gene program of cardiogenesis. The ability of intracrine dynorphin B to prime the tran… Show more
“…The binding of these peptides with their related receptors elicits paracrine and autocrine circuitries with profound implications in signal transduction, transcriptional dynamics, and stem cell fate [4,5]. Intriguingly, opioid peptides have also been found to act intracellularly, activating specific nuclear receptors and signaling through a modality that has been referred to as at the "intracrine" patterning, playing a major role in stem cell cardiogenesis [7][8][9].…”
Opioid peptides exhibit a wide-ranging tissue distribution and control multiple tissue functions not only through reflex mechanisms involving the central nervous system or the modulation of neurotransmitter release, but also by acting directly at the cellular level by targeting selected receptor subtypes (μ, δ, and κ are among the most frequently expressed) [...]
“…The binding of these peptides with their related receptors elicits paracrine and autocrine circuitries with profound implications in signal transduction, transcriptional dynamics, and stem cell fate [4,5]. Intriguingly, opioid peptides have also been found to act intracellularly, activating specific nuclear receptors and signaling through a modality that has been referred to as at the "intracrine" patterning, playing a major role in stem cell cardiogenesis [7][8][9].…”
Opioid peptides exhibit a wide-ranging tissue distribution and control multiple tissue functions not only through reflex mechanisms involving the central nervous system or the modulation of neurotransmitter release, but also by acting directly at the cellular level by targeting selected receptor subtypes (μ, δ, and κ are among the most frequently expressed) [...]
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