Intracranial cerebrospinal fluid spaces imaging using a pulse-triggered three-dimensional turbo spin echo MR sequence with variable flip-angle distribution

Abstract

The assessment of CSF spaces volume and distribution may help to characterise hydrocephalus.

Cerebrospinal fluid volume analysis for hydrocephalus diagnosis and clinical research

“…The obtained volumes of the cerebrospinal fluid spaces are summarized in Table 1 where they are matched with previous results from the literature [3,4,5,6,7] for healthy adults, communicating and non-communicating hydrocephalus classes. In Table 1, results vary slightly depending on the articles.…”

“…8. Our segmentation method on phantoms has resulted in an accuracy of 98.5% ± 1.8 against 94.6% ± 4.0 for the semi-manual segmentation by an expert using the method proposed in [7].…”

“…The magnetic resonance sequence in [7], called SPACE (Sampling Perfection with Application optimized Contrast using different flip-angle Evolution), is a variant of the T2-weighted turbo spin echo sequence with variable flip-angles. The sequence for clinical images was taken as follows: repetition time TR (ms)/echo time TE (ms), 2400/762; turbo factor of 141; 250 × 250 mm field of view; 256×256 acquisition matrix; 1 mm isotropic resolution; number of excitations 1.4…”

“…We have recently developed a new magnetic resonance imaging sequence that significantly highlights the cerebrospinal fluid [7] and proposed an automatic segmentation of its entire volume in [8]. To quantify the fluid volumes from those whole body images, we propose in this paper to improve the method described in [8] by automatically separating the entire fluid volume into its spinal subarachnoid, cortical subarachnoid and ventricular spaces.…”

Cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea: evaluation with 3D-SPACE sequence and management with navigation-assisted endonasal endoscopic surgery

“…7 Radiographic images guided navigation is founded on high accuracy of localization of the CSF leak demonstrated by images, thus a variant of a T2-weighted turbo spin echo sequence known as 3D-SPACE (three-dimensional sampling perfection with application optimized contrast using different flip-angle evolution) is recently proposed. 8,9 This noninvasive and time-effective sequence offers 3D thin-slice and high-resolution images without requiring radiation exposure or intrathecal contrast material administration. This sequence holds the potential for identifying whether a CSF rhinorrhea exists and provides important information about the location of the leakage.…”