Intracerebral tumor and diffuse central nervous system infiltration complicating acute myelogenous leukemia

Abstract

An intracerebral space occupying lesion was found in a 20-year-old woman with acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) when she was in complete hematological remission. Computerized tomography of the brain demonstrated the tumor in the roof of the third ventricle and its subsequent resolution after cranial irradiation and intraventricular cytosine-arabinoside. This form of central nervous system complication in AML has not been previously reported.

Intracerebral leukemic mass in acute myelogenous leukemia

“…Leukemic intracranial space occupying lesions are rare, and in the literature, there are only 13 reported cases of intracranial leukemic mass lesions in the course of the disease [3][4][5][6][7]. Our patient developed left hemiparesis and leukemic mass was found and removed from the right temporal lobe.…”

“…On CT study, only 4-7.5% of leukemic patients were diagnosed as having intracranial mass in the course of their disease [12,13]. A search of the literature revealed only 13 reported cases of intracranial leukemic mass (9 cases of ALL, 4 cases of AML) were diagnosed in the course of their disease [3][4][5][6][7]. Of these cases, 9 cases had supratentorial and 4 cases had infratentorial lesions.…”

“…The time of discovery of the leukemic mass in CNS following the initial diagnosis of leukemia is reported to be 5 months to 12 years, and all occurred after complete hematologic remission [3][4][5][6][7]. The standard therapy was removal of the tumor, whole brain irradiation from 23 to 42 Gy, and intrathecal administration of methotrexate, cytosine arabinoside and prednisolone [3][4][5][6][7]. Three patients expired after surviving for 2 weeks to 6 months [3,5,7].…”

Intracerebellar granulocytic sarcoma complicating acute myelogenous leukemia: a case report and review of the literature

“…Colors other than green are due to different concentrations of the enzyme within the cells or different states of oxidation of the enzyme. 22 Thus, granulocytic sarcoma or myeloblastoma are preferable terms. 1,3,23,24 Central nervous system (CNS) involvement is a well-recognized complication of leukemia.…”

Therapeutic modalities for central nervous system involvement by granulocytic sarcoma (chloroma) in children with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia

“…In 1981, Petursson and Boggs [22] reviewed 67 previously published cases of spinal cord involvement in leukemia patients and found that 31 had acute myeloid leukemia. Clinical features and therapeutic modalities in welldocumented recent reports of CNS granulocytic sarcoma are summarized in Table 2 [2,6,7,20,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32]. Most of the previously published cases of CNS granulocytic sarcoma developed in older patients; the clinical and biological significance of this complication of leukemia in pediatric patients is obscure.…”