Intracellular survival and saprophytic growth of isolates from the Burkholderia cepacia complex in free-living amoebae

Marolda, Cristina L.; Hauröder, Bärbel; John, Michael; Michel, R.; Valvano, Miguel A.

doi:10.1099/13500872-145-7-1509

Cited by 124 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…There are at least two possible explanations. Bacteria are capable of low level intracellular multiplication within protozoa, for example, a 7-fold increase in B. cepacia per Acanthamoeba trophozoite occurs after co-culturing in vitro (Marolda et al, 1999). A 10-fold increase was seen in the 7 day co-cultures of B. pseudomallei and A. astronyxis in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Disinfection of Burkholderia pseudomallei in potable water

Howard¹,

Inglis²

2005

Water Research

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The effect of chlorine, monochloramine and UV disinfection on the water-borne pathogen Burkholderia pseudomallei was assessed. Persistence of B. pseudomallei was verified by MPN involving a one-step recovery procedure. Chlorine proved the most effective disinfectant with a 99.99% reduction of a 10 6 CFU/mL pure bacterial culture followed by 99.9% reduction by monochloramine and 99% reduction by UV. Co-culture of B. pseudomallei with Acanthamoeba astronyxis was found to greatly enhance survival of B. pseudomallei in the presence of all disinfecting agents tested. For example, when amoebae were present 100 times more monochloramine was required to maintain the disinfectant efficacy. Given the results obtained from these co-culture experiments, more research is needed to investigate the role of amoeba and biofilms in survival of B. pseudomallei in potable water.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

Disinfection of Burkholderia pseudomallei in potable water

Howard¹,

Inglis²

2005

Water Research

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“…It is possible that bacteraemic and metastatic infection of B. cepacia in CF patients could result directly from transcytosis across endothelial cells, or from transfer by macrophages (`Trojan horse' phenomenon), or by both mechanisms. Recent studies showed that B. cepacia is capable of survival and growth within free-living amoebae, indicating that amoebae may be a reservoir for B. cepacia in the environment [26,27]. The mechanism by which B. cepacia survives in amoebae and pulmonary macrophages might be similar [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Invasion of murine respiratory epithelial cells in vivo by Burkholderia cepacia

Ostry

2001

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Pulmonary infections caused by Burkholderia cepacia are an important cause of morbidity and mortality in cystic ®brosis (CF) patients. Several features suggestive of invasion and intracellular sequestration of B. cepacia in CF are persistence of infection in the face of antibiotic therapy and a propensity to cause bacteraemic infections in patients with CF. A mouse respiratory challenge model was used to investigate the invasion phenotype of B. cepacia in vivo. After intratracheal inoculation, epidemic B. cepacia strains translocated from lung to liver and spleen; however, all bacteria were cleared from all organs within 7 days. B. cepacia strains, irrespective of cable piliation, were capable of attaching to and then invading murine respiratory tract epithelial cells. Histopathological examination of lungs showed interstitial in®ltrates comprised mainly of polymorphonuclear leucocytes and were associated with widened alveolar septa. Electron microscopy demonstrated B. cepacia within epithelial cells and pulmonary macrophages. This study provides support for in-vitro observations that B. cepacia strains from patients with CF adhere to and then invade respiratory epithelial cells. The invasion phenotype in B. cepacia may be an important virulence factor in CF infections.

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“…Direct evidence of intracellular survival of the Bcc species has been shown in airway epithelial cells, in murine macrophages, in human monocytic cells and in amoebae (Marolda et al, 1999;Saini et al, 1999;Savoia and Zucca, 2007). The capacity of Bcc strains to survive and replicate within eukaryotic cells may explain their persistence in the respiratory system .…”

Section: Features Of B Ambifaria Clinical Isolatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phase variation has a role in Burkholderia ambifaria niche adaptation

et al. 2009

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Members of the Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bcc), such as B. ambifaria, are effective biocontrol strains, for instance, as plant growth-promoting bacteria; however, Bcc isolates can also cause severe respiratory infections in people suffering from cystic fibrosis (CF). No distinction is known between isolates from environmental and human origins, suggesting that the natural environment is a potential source of infectious Bcc species. While investigating the presence and role of phase variation in B. ambifaria HSJ1, an isolate recovered from a CF patient, we identified stable variants that arose spontaneously irrespective of the culture conditions. Phenotypic and proteomic approaches revealed that the transition from wild-type to variant types affects the expression of several putative virulence factors. By using four different infection models (Drosophila melanogaster, Galleria mellonella, macrophages and Dictyostelium discoideum), we showed that the wild-type was more virulent than the variant. It may be noted that the variant showed reduced replication in a human monocyte cell line when compared with the wild-type. On the other hand, the variant of isolate HSJ1 was more competitive in colonizing plant roots than the wild-type. Furthermore, we observed that only clinical B. ambifaria isolates generated phase variants, and that these variants showed the same phenotypes as observed with the HSJ1 variant. Finally, we determined that environmental B. ambifaria isolates showed traits that were characteristic of variants derived from clinical isolates. Our study therefore suggest that B. ambifaria uses phase variation to adapt to drastically different environments: the lung of patients with CF or the rhizosphere.

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Intracellular survival and saprophytic growth of isolates from the Burkholderia cepacia complex in free-living amoebae

Cited by 124 publications

References 29 publications

Disinfection of Burkholderia pseudomallei in potable water

Disinfection of Burkholderia pseudomallei in potable water

Invasion of murine respiratory epithelial cells in vivo by Burkholderia cepacia

Phase variation has a role in Burkholderia ambifaria niche adaptation

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