“…As in the case of halogenated solvents, also for alcohols, the temperature affects the PHA recovery yield and purity ( Mohammadi et al, 2012a ): a combined synergic effect of ethanol and water has been reported by increasing the temperature from 4 to 30°C, since an increasing interaction between water and ethanol improves the cell wall breakage. Water seems to cause the release of cellular proteins and exert an osmotic pressure on the cells that result easily breakable ( Mohammadi et al, 2012b ). Despite alcohols seem to have a narrow range of applicability in the PHA extraction scenario, their use in scaled-up processes would be strongly encouraged: alcohols, in fact, are generally recognized as “recommended” solvents, benign in terms of acute environmental toxicity and the bio-accumulation ( Henderson et al, 2011 ; Prat et al, 2014 ; Prat et al, 2016 ), as well in terms of health issue (butanol, in particular, is granted GRAS by FEMA and synthesizable from renewable resources thus potentially bio-based).…”