Intracellular parasites of unknown taxonomic position in gills of common carp Cyprinus carpio

Lorn, J; Dyková, Iva

doi:10.3354/dao016235

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

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“…While we only observed spore formation in the gills in spring, alerting numbers of S. molnari blood stages were observed during summer (SBI season). Importantly, while invading predominantly the kidney interstitium [18, 22] (identified as S. dykovae in [22] but possibly S. molnari ), S. molnari stages were also detected in the tissues of the swim bladder of all SBI carp and at one site (site 4), this was the only parasite detectable by ISH in pathologically modified swim bladders. It cannot be excluded that the pathology detected at site 4 involves a previous S. dykovae infection that has been cleared or if the sole cause of the inflammation is S. molnari .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Small parasite stages, similar to initial stages of infection of Tetracapsuloides bryosalmonae Canning et al, 2002 in the gills and the blood of salmonids [27–29] were found associated with blood vessels in different organs of carp as well as in the gill lamellae. Using TEM, high numbers of intracellular parasites were detected in the pillar cells of the gills and in the endothelium of blood vessels of different organs of SBI carp [22, 30, 31]. It was suggested that these parasite stages belong to S. dykovae [30, 31] .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular fingerprinting of the myxozoan community in common carp suffering Swim Bladder Inflammation (SBI) identifies multiple etiological agents

Holzer

Hartigan

Patra

et al. 2014

Parasites & Vectors

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BackgroundSwim bladder inflammation (SBI) is an important disease of common carp fingerlings in Central Europe. In the 1980s, its etiology was ascribed to multicellular proliferative stages of the myxozoan parasite Sphaerospora dykovae (formerly S. renicola). S. dykovae was reported to proliferate in the blood and in the swim bladder prior to the invasion of the kidney, where sporogony takes place. Due to the presence of emerging numbers of proliferative myxozoan blood stages at different carp culture sites in recent years we analysed cases of SBI, for the first time, using molecular diagnostics, to identify the myxozoan parasites present in diseased swim bladders.MethodsWe amplified myxozoan SSU rDNA in a non-specific approach and compared the species composition in swim bladders at culture sites where carp demonstrated 1. No signs of SBI, 2. Minor pathological changes, and 3. Heavy SBI. Based on DNA sequences, we determined the localisation and distribution of the most frequent species by in situ hybridisation, thereby determining which myxozoans are involved in SBI.ResultsLarge multicellular myxozoan swim bladder stages characterised heavy SBI cases and were identified as S. dykovae, however, blood stages were predominantly represented by Sphaerospora molnari, whose numbers were greatly increased in carp with mild and heavy SBI, compared with SBI-free fish. S. molnari was found to invade different organs and cause inflammatory changes also in the absence of S. dykovae. One site with mild SBI cases was characterised by Buddenbrockia sp. infection in different organs and a general granulomatous response.ConclusionsWe provide evidence that the etiology of SBI can vary in relation to culture site and disease severity and that emerging numbers of S. molnari in the blood represent an important co-factor or precondition for SBI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%