Intracellular Magnesium in Delirium Tremens and Uremia

Smith, William O.; Hammarsten, James F.

doi:10.1097/00000441-195904000-00001

Cited by 52 publications

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“…Skeletal muscle magnesium on the other hand appears a sensitive index of total body magnesium as shown by the close correlation between magnesium retention (of an infused dose) and increment in skeletal muscle magnesiumdeficient subjects with normal renal function [7], Previous workers also found that skeletal muscle magnesium provides a reliable index of total body mag nesium [11,12], The erythrocyte magnesium concentration has been thought to provide a convenient measure of intracellular magnesium [4,16,18]. The erythrocyte results of the present study were disappointing since none of the eight patients with magnesium deficiency as shown by low skeletal muscle magnesium had low erythrocyte magnesium; none of them had, in the preceding 4 weeks, blood transfusion which might have affected their erythrocyte magnesium values.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serum magnesium level has been found to be high in some studies [5,8,15], and nor mal in others [2,13]. Magnesium balance has been shown to be within normal limits in a group of uraemic patients [2], While erythrocyte magnesium may be increased [16] low skeletal muscle magnesium has been reported [8], It is proposed in this study to clarify the relationships between magnesium levels of all accessible tissues, including bone which normally holds about two thirds of body magnesium store [20].…”

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confidence: 99%

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Magnesium Status in Chronic Uraemic Patients

Lim¹

1972

Nephron

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Magnesium level in bone, skeletal muscle, the erythrocyte, serum and serum ultrafiltrate were estimated in ten patients with advanced uraemia. Eight patients were found to have significantly low skeletal muscle magnesium, indicating significant deficit of the cation. However, there was no correlation between skeletal muscle magnesium and magnesium levels of the other tissues. Bone magnesium was normal in all patients as was erythrocyte magnesium. Serum magnesium level was variable, but 6 of the 8 patients with low skeletal muscle magnesium had normal magnesium level in their serum ultrafiltrate. Although clinical features that might be attributed to magnesium deficiency were frequently seen in the uraemic patients, there is no discernible difference in clinical pattern between patients with or without magnesium deficiency as shown by skeletal muscle magnesium estimation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Magnesium Status in Chronic Uraemic Patients

Lim¹

1972

Nephron

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“…In advanced renal failure the plasma magnesium concentration has been found to be normal or raised and the intracellular concentration raised by the majority of authors (Smith & Hammersten, 1959;Hanze & Hiller, 1963;Govan, Porter, Cook, Dixon & Trafford, 1968;Mansouri et al, 1970). However, in muscle biopsies of twelve patients with a creatinine clearance below 10 nil/min Lim, Dong & Khoo (1969) found cellular magnesium deficiency in spite of hypermagnesaemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnesium Metabolism in Patients on Regular Dialysis Treatment

et al. 1971

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1. In eight patients being treated by chronic dialysis the relation of magnesium metabolism to the magnesium concentration of the dialysate was investigated. During four periods of 2-6 weeks the magnesium concentrations of the dialysis fluid were 0'44±0'15 mg/IOO ml, 0'70±0'24 mg/IOO ml, 1'83±0'18 mg/IOO ml and 1'97±0'21 mg/IOO ml.2. During all periods the concentration of plasma magnesium and ultrafiltrable magnesium was above normal. The concentration of erythrocyte magnesium was below normal with the lowest concentration in the bath, while all other dialysate concentrations yielded readings above normal values.3. During dialysis the concentration of plasma magnesium and ultrafiltrable magnesium dropped only during the periods with low concentrations of magnesium in the dialysate. During dialysis with the lowest concentration the values for erythrocyte magnesium showed a significant rise whereas with high concentrations the concentration fell significantly. The changes in erythrocyte magnesium proved to be independent of the calcium content of the dialysis fluid.4. The maximum loss of magnesium to the bath solution amounted to 710 mg, with the magnesium content of the bath being only 0'27 mg/IOO ml. The net transfer of magnesium to the blood of the patient amounted to 102 mg with a dialysate magnesium concentration of 1·86 mg/IOO ml. 5. It is concluded that low dialysate magnesium concentrations result in erythrocyte magnesium deficiency whereas high concentrations cause magnesium overloading. A magnesium concentration of 0'7 mg/IOO ml is suggested for the bath solution used in regular dialysis treatment.There are few reported studies on magnesium metabolism in patients on regular dialysis. With a magnesium concentration of more than 1·5 mEq/1 in the dialysate, the concentration of plasma magnesium was usually found to be above normal (

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“…S mith and H ammarsten [21] suggested that erythrocyte magnesium con centrations might correlate better with the clinical state of the patient with chronic renal failure than do plasma magnesium concentrations. M ansouri et al [14] have found increased magnesium levels in both plasma and erythro cytes of uraemic patients, erythrocyte levels being similarly elevated in both dialysed and non-dialysed subjects, while plasma magnesium was significantly higher in the dialysed than in the non-dialysed group, their dialysate mag nesium being 1.7 mEq/1.…”

Section: Plasma and Erythrocyte Magnesiummentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Dialysate Magnesium on Plasma and Erythrocyte Magnesium and Potassium Concentrations during Maintenance Haemodialysis

Stewart¹,

Fleming²

1973

Nephron

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The effects on plasma and erythrocyte potassium and magnesium concentrations of low ( < 0.2 mEq/l) as compared with orthodox (1.50 mEq/l) dialysate magnesium concentrations have been studied in six patients on maintenance haemodialysis. On low magnesium dialysis, plasma magnesium concentrations were significantly decreased from hypermagnesaemic to normal levels but the high erythrocyte magnesium concentrations were unchanged. The plasma potassium decrease, usual during each dialysis, was unaffected. In contrast, erythrocyte potassium concentrations, which did not change during individual dialyses, were high when orthodox magnesium was present in the dialysate, and normal during low magnesium dialysis. Low magnesium dialysis has biochemical advantages in that it corrects hypermagnesaemia and maintains normal erythrocyte potassium concentrations which otherwise would be increased.

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Intracellular Magnesium in Delirium Tremens and Uremia

Cited by 52 publications

References 0 publications

Magnesium Status in Chronic Uraemic Patients

Magnesium Status in Chronic Uraemic Patients

Magnesium Metabolism in Patients on Regular Dialysis Treatment

The Effect of Dialysate Magnesium on Plasma and Erythrocyte Magnesium and Potassium Concentrations during Maintenance Haemodialysis

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