In the long axon of a neuron, cargo transport between the cell body and terminal synaptic region are mainly supported by the motor proteins kinesin and dynein, which are nano-sized drivers. Synaptic materials packed as cargos are anterogradely transported to the synaptic region by kinesin, whereas materials accumulated at the axon terminals are returned to the cell body by dynein. Extreme value analysis, typically used for disaster prevention in our society, was applied to analyze the velocity of kinesin and dynein nanosized drivers to disclose their physical properties in living cells.