Intracellular concentrations of sodium, potassium and chloride in the lactating mammary gland and their relation to the secretory mechanism

Linzell, J. L.; Peaker, M.

doi:10.1113/jphysiol.1971.sp009547

Cited by 103 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…It has been claimed that prolactin causes increased cell K+ concentration and decreased cell Na+ concentration in pseudopregnant and lactating rabbits (3,4). We note, though, that in these studies intracellular Na+ concentrations were well above 100 mM and similar to intracellular K+ concentrations; this situation is markedly different from that in most cells (30) and from that observed in guinea pig mammary glands in two earlier studies (31,32).…”

Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 53%

“…The value for Jcet in prolactin-treated cultures is significantly different from zero, but it was not significantly different from the Jct of 0.18 ,ueq/ cm2.hr in prolactin-free cultures. Inhibitors of active chloride transport have no effect on the cultures and have little if any effect on intracellular Cl-concentrations in the guinea pig mammary gland (31,32). Therefore, the bulk of the evidence indicates there is little net Cl-transport in the mammary gland.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mouse mammary epithelial cells on floating collagen gels: Transepithelial ion transport and effects of prolactin

Bisbee

Machen

Bern

1979

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Epithelial cells dissociated from midpregnantBALB/c mouse mammary glands were cultured for as long as 20 days as confluent monolayers on floating collagen gels. Detached gels bearing ihonolayers were placed in lucite Ussing chambers for measurement of transepithelial potential difference (PD), short-circuit current (I¢), resistance (R), and unidirectional fluxes of Na+ and Cl-during short-circuit current conditions (PD = 0). With Hanks' solution bathing both sides of cultures maintained with insulin and cortisol, PD = -12.8 mV (serosal side ground), IC = 24.6 &A/cm2, and R = 507 flcm2. Net absorption of Na+ equaled Ic, and there was no net Cltransport. PD and ISc were reduced 50% by mucosal addition of 10 &M amiloride and to zero by metabolic inhibition with nitrogen gas or by serosal addition of 0.1 mM ouabain. In similar cultures supplemented with prolactin, PD and ISC increased to -15.8 mV and 48.0 ,uA/cm2, respectively, and R decreased to 374 Qlcm2. Inhibitor effects were similar to those seen in prolactin-free cultures. Prolactin exposure resulted in a 3-fold increase in net absorption of Na+. Na+ absorption was not equivalent to ISC, and there was little Cl-absorption; therefore, prolactin induced active transport of other, as yet unidentified, ions. These effects of prolactin require at least 3 days to occur and cannot be attributed to the known contamination with neurohyophysial hormones. The prolactin-induced increase in Na+ absorption arallels its Na+-retaining ability in lower vertebrates and could be part of the mechanism that keeps milk Na+ concentration low in intact glands.

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Section: Methodscontrasting

confidence: 53%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mouse mammary epithelial cells on floating collagen gels: Transepithelial ion transport and effects of prolactin

Bisbee

Machen

Bern

1979

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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“…Milk contains a high concentration of K + relative to Na + ; this is because the latter are actively removed from the secretory cells of the mammary glands by Na + , K + -ATPase located on the basolateral membrane (Linzell and Peaker, 1971). However, the concentrations of K + and Na + in milk are altered during mastitis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Polymorphisms of the ATP1A1 gene associated with mastitis in dairy cattle

Liu

Xu²,

Sun³

2012

Genet. Mol. Res.

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“…In this case the TJ damage might be due to the cell influx and not by the infused LPS. Lactose with its small molecular weight is chiefly responsible for the osmotic activity of the milk and consequently it controls the influx of water into the milk (Linzell and Peaker, 1971). Changes of lactose in milk run always in contrast to Na and Cl levels and is responsible for the osmotic balance of milk (Mielke, 1986;Ontsouka et al, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose dependent changes in inflammatory parameters in the milk of dairy cows after intramammary infusion of lipopolysaccharide

Werner-Misof¹,

Mačuhová²,

Tancin³

et al. 2007

Vet. Med. - Czech

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The goal of this study was to evaluate the dose dependent changes in common milk and blood parameters for udder health after an intramammary (IM) infusion of five different doses of lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100, 50, 25, 12.5 and 6.25 μg, respectively). Ten Holstein Friesian cows randomly divided into five groups of 2 cows each were IM infused into one quarter with one LPS dose dissolved in 10 ml of saline. The contralateral quarter was infused with 10 ml saline (9 g/l). Milk samples were taken immediately before and 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 hours after the treatment. All milk samples were analysed for somatic cell counts (SCC), lactose, sodium (Na), chloride (Cl) and electrical conductivity (EC). Two blood samples were taken immediately after milking for analysing leukocytes (WBC), polymorphonuclear neutrophils (PMN), Na and Cl. The SCC increased maximal at 12 hours after the LPS challenge and differed among LPS doses, as well as the area under curve from 0 to 36 hours (AUC 0−36 h). There were no significant differences among LPS doses in lactose levels for the regression at 12 hours and AUC 0−36 h. Lactose levels in milk from quarters receiving the lowest dose of LPS were lowest after 24 hours, whereas in all other groups lactose levels decreased maximal within the first 12 hours. The regression at 12 hours as well as the AUC 0−36 h showed significant changes for Cl levels but not for Na and EC, respectively. Amongst all groups EC increased maximal within 12 hours and peak EC showed dose dependent differences with highest values at the highest LPS dose. There were no dose differences in WBC. Blood electrolytes showed only tendentially dose dependent differences for blood Na in AUC 0−36 h. The results were possibly due to a great individual variance amongst all cows. In conclusion there are dose dependent differences in the response to LPS especially in milk parameters, which are likely caused by a greater tight junction damage by higher LPS doses. 100 μg LPS seems to be a threshold between low and high doses of LPS. All doses used in this study induced signs of mastitis but there might be a low dose of LPS with only an enhancing effect on mammary gland immune status without inducing mastitis symptoms. This needs to be investigated for developing new ways of mastitis prophylaxis.

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Intracellular concentrations of sodium, potassium and chloride in the lactating mammary gland and their relation to the secretory mechanism

Cited by 103 publications

References 16 publications

Mouse mammary epithelial cells on floating collagen gels: Transepithelial ion transport and effects of prolactin

Mouse mammary epithelial cells on floating collagen gels: Transepithelial ion transport and effects of prolactin

Polymorphisms of the ATP1A1 gene associated with mastitis in dairy cattle

Dose dependent changes in inflammatory parameters in the milk of dairy cows after intramammary infusion of lipopolysaccharide

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