Intracellular Breakable and Ultrasound-Responsive Hybrid Microsized Containers for Selective Drug Release into Cancerous Cells

Abstract

1 of 10) 1600417 This work reports an efficient and straightforward strategy to fabricate hybrid microsized containers with reduction-sensitive and ultrasound-responsive properties. The ultrasound and reductive sensitivity are visualized using scanning electron microscopy, with the results showing structural decomposition upon ultrasound irradiation and in the presence of reducing agent. The ultrasound-responsive functionalities of hybrid carriers can be used as external trigger for rapid controlled release, while prolonged drug release can be achieved in the presence of reducing agent. To evaluate the potential for targeted drug delivery, hybrid microsized containers are loaded with the anticancer drug doxorubicin (Dox). Such hybrid capsules can undergo structural intracellular degradation after cellular uptake by human cervical cancer cell line (HeLa), resulting in Dox release into cancer cells. In contrast, there is no Dox release when hybrid capsules are incubated with human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as an example of normal human cells. The cell viability results indicate that Dox-loaded capsules effectively killed HeLa cells, while they have lower cytotoxicity against MSCs as an example of healthy cells. Thus, the newly developed intracellular-and ultrasound-responsive microcarriers obtained via sol-gel method and layer-by-layer technique provide a high therapeutic efficacy for cancer, while minimizing adverse side effect.

Mesoporous Silica and Organosilica Nanoparticles: Physical Chemistry, Biosafety, Delivery Strategies, and Biomedical Applications

“…This was suggested by the fact that the mixing of GSH with drug‐loaded PMO induced the release of the drug in a concentration‐dependent manner (Figure b) and degraded the particles as shown in TEM images. Sukhorukov and co‐worker reported very recently a micro‐sized HMONs containing bis(propyl)tetrasulfide and demonstrated a higher degradation of the capsules under HIFU than under GSH trigger in solution and then applied their vector in vitro …”

Disulfide‐Bridged Organosilica Frameworks: Designed, Synthesis, Redox‐Triggered Biodegradation, and Nanobiomedical Applications

“…Disulfide‐bridged organosilicas can be coated on the surface of functional entities to form a biodegradable shell, thus producing core–shell nanocomposites . The design advantages are the shell can not only protect the stability of organic species in the extracellular environment, but it can also achieve GSH‐triggered biodegradation in the intracellular microenvironment, especially in cancer cells of tumor tissues, accompanied by the responsive release of encapsulated functional molecules for specific diagnostic and/or therapeutic functions.…”

“…As illustrated in Figure B, the formation of the hybrid NPs was achieved by both the hydrolysis–condensation reaction between 3‐mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) and 3‐thiocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane (TPTES), and the nucleophilic substitution reaction between the thiol of MPTMS and the thiocyanate of TPTES at the interface (Figure e). Timin et al developed a straightforward strategy to coat (poly(allyl)amine hydrochloride (PAH)/poly(styrene) sulfonate (PSS)) 4 microcapsules with disulfide‐bridged organosilica shell while simultaneously achieving in situ DOX encapsulation by interfacial hydrolysis–condensation of TEOS and BTEPTS (Figure C) . Prasetyanto et al proposed a smart approach to encapsulate native proteins with disulfide‐bridged organosilica matrices as a shell .…”

“…C) a) Schematic illustration, b) TEM, c) SEM, and d,e) EDX elemental mapping images of (PAH/PSS) 4 microcapsules coated with disulfide‐bridged organosilica shell. Reproduced with permission . Copyright 2017, Wiley‐VCH.…”

Magnetically Responsive Silica Hollow Spheres: Straightforward Synthesis of Accessible Micro‐Sized Containers

“…For the last decades, nano-and micro-sized containers have been reported as host structures in a wide range of applications: acting in catalysis [1] and photocatalysis, [2] drug delivery [3][4][5] and other biomedical architectures, [6] as imaging contrast agents, [7][8][9] and so forth. These nano-and micro-sized hosts have an interior void space that provides a singular environment, where unique properties can be obtained due to confinement www.advancedsciencenews.com www.particle-journal.com for facile recovering in heterogeneous catalysis, [39] and also for combining drug release and simultaneous magnetic resonance imaging.…”