Intracellular biocompatible hexagonal boron nitride quantum emitters as single-photon sources and barcodes

Kavčič, Aljaž; Podlipec, Rok; Krišelj, Ana; Jelen, Andreja; Vella, Daniele; Humar, Matjaž

doi:10.1039/d3nr05305a

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

References 80 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“… 1 − 5 Two-dimensional (2D) materials have been shown to exhibit many types of defect-based SPEs. Among the potential 2D materials, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) emerges as an excellent host material for SPEs due to its emission at room temperature, long-term stability, low cost, biocompatibility, 6 and widespread availability. 7 − 10 Current fabrication methods for SPEs from hBN typically involve manual exfoliation from pristine bulk crystals, followed by deterministic transfer for postprocessing.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several alternative methods have emerged aiming to address this challenge, including chemical vapor deposition (CVD), 13 , 19 hydrothermal reaction, 20 , 21 and drop-casting. 6 , 22 − 24 These methods offer the potential for depositing flakes onto diverse substrates, irrespective of their geometric shape, and eliminate the need for precise alignment tools. While CVD methods are rapidly advancing, 25 leading to an enhancement in the quality of synthesized crystals, drop-casting utilizes nanoflakes derived through solvent-mediated exfoliation from pristine bulk crystals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 22 , 24 Despite that these methods are capable of producing SPEs from single hBN nanoflakes, systematic approaches to assess their yield is still in its infancy. 6 , 31 While previous studies investigating the influence of solvent on SPE quality and yield have utilized exfoliated flakes, 30 similar systematic approaches for drop-casted nanoflakes are missing. 31 Efficient SPE generation and their implementation into quantum technologies thus require further development and optimization of such processes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Quantitative Investigation of Quantum Emitter Yield in Drop-Casted Hexagonal Boron Nitride Nanoflakes

Kretzschmar,

Ritter,

Kumar

et al. 2024

ACS Appl. Opt. Mater.

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Single photon emitters (SPEs) are a key component for their use as pure photon source in quantum technologies. In this study, we investigate the generation of SPEs from drop-casted hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) nanoflakes, examining the influence of the immersion solution and the source of hBN. We show that, depending on the utilized supplier and solution, the number and quality of the emitters change. We perform a comprehensive optical characterization of the deposited nanoflakes to assess the quality of the generated SPEs. Importantly, we provide quantitative data on SPE yields, highlighting significant variations among solvents and different sources of hBN. We find that hBN from Merck drop-casted in acetone provided the best quality emitters with a g (2) < 0.1 and photoluminescence intensities above 300 kCounts/s. Their number of SPEs among all photon emitters was also the highest, with about 14%, rendering a total yield of about 1.25% of all drop-casted flakes. These numbers hold particular significance when evaluating dropcasting as a practical method for the generation of SPEs and their deposition and incorporation within existing nanophotonic systems. By choosing appropriate solvents and source materials' quality and yield of SPEs can be significantly increased, showcasing further optimization potential for the development of future quantum applications.

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