Intracellular Activities and Evoked Potential Changes During Polarization of Motor Cortex

Purpura, Dominick P.; McMurtry, James G.

doi:10.1152/jn.1965.28.1.166

Cited by 782 publications

(530 citation statements)

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“…The tDCS is a weak current that can modify the trans-membrane neuronal potential, influencing the neuronal excitability threshold and modulating the firing rate of neurons in response to an input, as observed in animal studies (Bindman et al, 1964a;Purpura and McMurtry, 1965).…”

Section: Tdcs-induced Changes In Cortical Excitabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As directly shown in animal studies, anodal tDCS increases cortical excitability, inducing a depolarization of the resting membrane potential and increasing neuronal firing rates. In contrast, cathodal tDCS decreases cortical excitability, shifting the resting membrane potential towards hyperpolarization and reducing the firing rate of neurons (Bindman et al, 1964a;Creutzfeldt et al, 1962;Purpura and McMurtry, 1965). The involvement of mechanisms similar to those underlying long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) was hypothesized to explain the tDCS induced neuroplasticity after-effects (Liebetanz et al, 2002;Nitsche et al, 2003b;Nitsche et al, 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Excitability modulation of the motor system induced by transcranial direct current stimulation: A multimodal approach

2013

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Anodal and cathodal transcranial direct current stimulations (tDCS) are both established techniques to induce cortical excitability changes. Typically, in the human motor system, such cortical modulations are inferred through changes in the amplitude of the motor evoked potentials (MEPs). However, it is now possible to directly evaluate tDCS-induced changes at the cortical level by recording the transcranial magnetic stimulation evoked potentials (TEPs) using electroencephalography (EEG). The present study investigated the modulation induced by the tDCS on the motor system. The study evaluates changes in the MEPs, in the amplitude and distribution of the TEPs, in resting state oscillatory brain activity and in behavioral performance in a simple manual response task. Both the short-and long-term tDCS effects were investigated by evaluating their time course at~0 and 30 min after tDCS. Anodal tDCS over the left primary motor cortex (M1) induced an enhancement of corticospinal excitability, whereas cathodal stimulation produced a reduction. These changes in excitability were indexed by changes in MEP amplitude. More interestingly, tDCS modulated the cortical reactivity, which is the neuronal activity evoked by TMS, in a polarity-dependent and site-specific manner. Cortical reactivity increased after anodal stimulation over the left M1, whereas it decreased with cathodal stimulation. These effects were partially present also at long term evaluation. No polarity-specific effect was found either on behavioral measures or on oscillatory brain activity. The latter showed a general increase in the power density of low frequency oscillations (theta and alpha) at both stimulation polarities. Our results suggest that tDCS is able to modulate motor cortical reactivity in a polarity-specific manner, inducing a complex pattern of direct and indirect cortical activations or inhibitions of the motor system-related network, which might be related to changes in synaptic efficacy of the motor cortex.

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Section: Tdcs-induced Changes In Cortical Excitabilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Excitability modulation of the motor system induced by transcranial direct current stimulation: A multimodal approach

2013

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“…Whether an increase or a suppression of neuronal activity was obtained depended on the polarity of the electrodes. The fact that the cathode produces suppression and the anode produces facilitation has been repeatedly demonstrated [3]. The observation that persistent anodal stimulation could produce paroxysmal activity, which could be suppressed by cathodal stimulation [4], suggested that cortical polarization might be a method with therapeutic applications in human epilepsy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Feasibility of focal transcranial DC polarization with simultaneous EEG recording: Preliminary assessment in healthy subjects and human epilepsy

Pascoal‐Faria

Fregni

Sebastião

et al. 2012

Epilepsy & Behavior

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We aimed to investigate the feasibility of an experimental system for simultaneous transcranial DC stimulation (tDCS) and EEG recording in human epilepsy. We report tolerability of this system in a cross-over controlled trial with 15 healthy subjects and preliminary effects of its use, testing repeated tDCS sessions, in two patients with drug-refractory Continuous Spike-Wave Discharges During Slow Sleep (CSWS). Our system combining continuous recording of the EEG with tDCS allows detailed evaluation of the interictal activity during the entire process. Stimulation with 1 mA was well-tolerated in both healthy volunteers and patients with refractory epilepsy. The large reduction in interictal epileptiform EEG discharges in the two subjects with epilepsy supports further investigation of tDCS using this combined method of stimulation and monitoring in epilepsy. Continuous monitoring of epileptic activity throughout tDCS improves safety and allows detailed evaluation of epileptic activity changes induced by tDCS in patients.

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“…Selon la polarité de la stimulation, cette technique induit une augmentation ou une diminution de l'excitabilité corticale et de l'activité spontané e des neurones (Jacobson et al, 2012). L'hyperexcitabilité neuronale de la ré gion stimulé e est produite par l'anode qui provoque l'abaissement du seuil de dé polarisation de la membrane (Purpura et McMurtry, 1965 ;Jefferys, 1995). Inversement, la cathode induit une augmentation du seuil de dé polarisation et, par consé quent, une diminution de l'activité neuronale sous-jacente.…”

Section: Me´canisme D'actionunclassified

“…Les premiè res é tudes ont é té ré alisé es sur des animaux dans les anné es 1960. Depuis, la tDCS a fait l'objet de nombreuses recherches tant chez des sujets sains que chez des patients atteints de pathologies diverses telles que la paré sie d'un membre ou l'aphasie à la suite d'un accident vasculaire cé ré bral (AVC), la maladie de Parkinson, la maladie d'Alzheimer, la dé pression ou la fibromyalgie (Creutzfeldt et al, 1962 ;Bindmann et al, 1964 ;Purpura et McMurtry, 1965 …”

Section: Introductionunclassified

La stimulation transcrânienne à courant continu : un nouvel outil de neurostimulation

Thibaut¹,

Chatelle²,

Gosseries³

et al. 2013

Revue Neurologique

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Intracellular Activities and Evoked Potential Changes During Polarization of Motor Cortex

Cited by 782 publications

References 0 publications

Excitability modulation of the motor system induced by transcranial direct current stimulation: A multimodal approach

Excitability modulation of the motor system induced by transcranial direct current stimulation: A multimodal approach

Feasibility of focal transcranial DC polarization with simultaneous EEG recording: Preliminary assessment in healthy subjects and human epilepsy

La stimulation transcrânienne à courant continu : un nouvel outil de neurostimulation

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