Intracavity Laser Spectroscopy of NiCl System G: Identification of a [13.0] 2Π3/2 State

Spectroscopy of nickel chloride: Identification of the [15.0] 2Π3/2 and [15.0] 2Δ5/2 states

“…The pattern of low-lying states is in reasonably good agreement with the known low-lying states of the isovalent molecule NiF [11][12][13][14][15]. Our research projects have focused on the NiCl transitions that occur in the near-IR, and we have identified a 2 R + state at 12 259 cm À1 [4,5], a 2 P 3/2 state at 12 961 cm À1 [6], and a P 3/2 state (probable quartet state) at 9100 cm À1 [7].…”

“…The ground state electronic configuration of Ni + (3d 9 ) Cl À (3p 6 ) gives rise to three low-lying electronic states: X 2 P, A 2 D and B 2 R + [1][2][3]. Excitation of one of the various nickel 3d electrons to an unoccupied nickel 4s or 4p orbital leads to numerous electronic transitions throughout the near-infrared and visible regions of the spectrum [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8].…”

Spectroscopy of NiCl: Identification of the X2Π1/2 state

“…The spectrometer, cathode system, and data acquisition sequence are fully described in our previous work on NiCl [4,5,9]. The ILS spectrum was recorded as a series of overlapping, $3.6 cm À1 wide, spectral profiles for the region 11 750-11 910 cm À1 .…”

“…To date, the following low-lying states are known through pure rotational and/or electronic spectroscopy: the X 2 P 3/2 state [1][2][3][4][5][6]; the A 2 D 5/2 state with T 0 at 161 cm À1 [1,2,7,8]; the A 2 D 3/2 state with T 0 at 1646 cm À1 [2,9]; and the B 2 R + state with T 0 at 1768 cm À1 [2,7,10]. In this note, we report the molecular constants of the remaining component arising from this electron configuration, namely the X 2 P 1/2 state with T 0 at 386 cm À1 , obtained through the analysis of the [12.3] 2 R + -X 2 P 1/2 transition which occurs near 11 900 cm À1 .…”

Single vibronic level emission spectroscopy of the low-lying electronic states of NiI

“…Such systems play a vital role in areas from industrial [1] and biological [2] catalysts, to astrophysics [3]. Nickel monohalides (NiX; X = F, Cl, Br or I), have received much attention in recent years, and the electronic structure of NiF [4,5] and NiCl [6][7][8][9][10][11] is now relatively well understood, while the ground state of NiBr has also been identified [12,13]. The close proximity of the low-lying electronic states in these species results in many perturbations, and the application of high resolution spectroscopic techniques, together with thorough theoretical investigation, has resulted in an improved understanding of the electronic structure of these species.…”