Intra-specific variation and inheritance of BYDV-PAV transmission in the aphid Sitobion avenae

Abstract

Vector efficiency of 44 clonal lines (clones) of Sitobion avenae belonging to 31 different genotypes (distinct patterns for five microsatellite loci) originating from Western France was evaluated by transmitting the isolate PAV4 of BYDV-PAV to barley seedlings. Variation in transmission rates from 3.7% to 92.5% was observed, with significant effects of the aphid clone, of the plant species on which clones were collected, and of the reproductive mode of the clones. When genotypes are considered instead of clones, a continuum in transmission rates was observed. A subset of S. avenae clones was tested for transmission of one (10 clones) and 13 (4 clones) other BYDV-PAV isolates, and a clear clone effect modulated by an isolate effect was observed. Crosses were made between clones with different vectoring phenotypes and their F1 progeny were tested for PAV4 transmission. The narrow sense heritability of the PAV transmission character was rather high in the F1 families (h 2 ¼ 0.5) and the segregation analyses suggested an oligo/polygenic determinism of this character. The possibility of generating new transmission variants by sexual reproduction and its consequences on transmission mechanism studies and on BYD epidemics are discussed.

Biometrical genetic analysis of luteovirus transmission in the aphid Schizaphis graminum

“…From this and previous studies (Papura et al, 2002;Dedryver et al, 2005), several trends have emerged. First, the transmission of luteoviruses is multigenic, and inheritance is generally additive in manner.…”

“…Aphids are amenable to genetic investigation and the genetics of several ecologically important phenotypes have been dissected, including alate production (Weisser and Braendle, 2001;Caillaud et al, 2002;Braendle et al, 2005a, b), insecticide resistance , virulence on plants Peters, 1989, 1990), host preference (Via, 1991;Hawthorne and Via, 2001;Tosh et al, 2004), and lifecycle patterns (Zhang and Zhong, 1990;Dedryver et al, 1998). While the intraspecific variation of aphids to transmit a virus has long been known (Bjorling and Ossiannilsson, 1958;Price et al, 1971), the genetics of virus transmission is just beginning to be explored (Papura et al, 2002;Dedryver et al, 2005;Burrows et al, 2006). Studies to date have focused on the transmission of the viruses causing barley yellow dwarf disease in cereal crops and wild grass species.…”

“…Previous research on the inheritance of luteovirus transmission phenotype in aphids found Sitobion avenae transmission of Barley yellow dwarf virus (BYDV)-PAV to be a polygenic trait inherited in an additive manner (Papura et al, 2002;Dedryver et al, 2005). Burrows et al (2006) examined F1 and F2 hybrids derived from two parental genotypes of Schizaphis graminum differing in their ability to transmit two viruses, Cereal yellow dwarf virus (CYDV)-RPV (Polerovirus) and BYDV-SGV (Luteovirus).…”

Reduced BYDV–PAV transmission by the grain aphid in a Triticum monococcum line

“…This resistance was maintained, however, for the duration of both periods (from 2 h to 5 days) and its level seems even higher than the similar resistance of one Chilean cultivar to BYDV-PAV transmission, as described by Givovitch and Niemeyer (1991). However, generalising these conclusions, based on one aphid clone and one virus isolate, to natural populations, needs more field work, since PAV transmission by S. avenae is highly variable, depending on aphid and virus genotypes and on interactions between them (Dedryver et al 2005). More field work is also essential to quantify the demographic and epidemiological advantages of wheat material with TM44 resistance.…”

Do Secondary Bacterial Endosymbionts of Aphids Affect the Vector Specificity or Transmission Efficiency of Plant Viruses?

“…In this primary study, we investigate for the first time the role of bacterial diversity on the virus transmission efficacy and vectoring specificity of the barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV (BYDV-PAV) strain. We used the clones of the English grain aphid S. avenae in this study since this aphid species is already known to have a high diversity in vectoring the BYDV-PAV strain (Dedryver et al 2005).…”