Intra-Operative Optical Coherence Imaging of In-Vivo Chronic Otitis Media Followed by Post-Operative Audiogram Assessments

Abstract

The successful surgery of chronic otitis media (COM) is challenging; this depends on the surgeon's knowledge of the optical visibility of surgical microscopes. Herein, we reported the utilization of intra-surgical optical coherence tomography (OCT) system to effectively guide the surgery of COM based on augmented reality with cross-sectional images. The intra-surgical spectral-domain OCT system with a center wavelength of 846 nm was capable of obtaining non-invasive, high-resolution, and highspeed visualizations with an axial resolution of 8 m, lateral resolution of 30 m, and an extended working distance of 280 mm. Three patients with COM were involved in this research. The lesion conditions of the temporal bone were observed with computed tomography pre-operatively. Furthermore, pure-tone audiogram examinations were performed to evaluate pre and postsurgical conditions. The results revealed that the averaged airbone gap of 500 Hz, 1 kHz, 2 kHz, and 4 kHz in all cases improved to 61%. Thus, the research proves that the experimental procedure can be beneficial and clinically applicable with the developed intra-surgical OCT system for future otolaryngological assessments.

Augmented Reality: Focusing on Photonics in Industry 4.0

“…• Web of Science Search: TS= (("Augmented reality" OR "Mixed reality") AND ("photon*" OR "optic*")) • Web of Science Results=1,586 The top ten most cited articles were published in Presence-Virtual and Augmented Reality [12], [15] (#1 and #4), IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence [16](#2), ACM Transactions on Graphics [17] (#3), Optics Express [18](#5) [5], IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging (#6) [19], IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (#7) [20], Medical Image Analysis (#8) [21], Journal of Display Technology (#9) [22], and Neurosurgery (#10) [23]. It is evident from the titles of the publishing journals and conference that visualization, display and optics are key topics among others.…”

“…New opportunities are offered in nextgeneration electronics by displaying information through transparent screens, like AR devices, smart surgical glasses, and smart windows [1]. AR has found broad applications like manufacturing and assembly [2]- [4], medical and care [5], transportation [6], maintenance [7], infrastructure and construction [8], and education and training [9]. As classified by the European Union, AR is one of the main technologies that However, the immersive technologies are still only beginning to be adopted even after several decades since their inception.…”

Augmented Reality: Focusing on Photonics in Industry 4.0

“…Medical and care -Some medical surgeries are challenging as they depend on surgeon's knowledge of the optical visibility of surgical microscope. Kim et al [5] reported on development of AR based optical coherence tomography (OCT) system integrated with surgical microscope. In this OCT system, depth information of the lesion site was captured and augmented to the ocular eyepiece of the intra-surgical system, providing a valuable aid to surgeons and conventional surgical procedures to enhance the accuracy and verification of the procedure.…”

“…New opportunities are offered in nextgeneration electronics by displaying information through transparent screens, like AR devices, smart surgical glasses, and smart windows [1]. AR has found broad applications like manufacturing and assembly [2]- [4], medical and care [5], transportation [6], maintenance [7], infrastructure and construction [8], and education and training [9]. As classified by the European Union, AR is one of the main technologies that will drive the smart factory development [10].…”

“…Safe distancing, flexibility and agility are only some key requirements, which have been tackled through use of immersive technologies (AR/virtual reality (VR)/mixed reality (MR)), robotics (particularly human-machine collaboration), digital twins, big data and AI to name a few. technologies for UK SMEs on a scale of 1 (least beneficial or least challenging) to 5 (most beneficial or most challenging) [5].…”