Intra‐operative natural sound decreases salivary amylase activity of patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair under epidural anesthesia

Arai, Y.-C. P.; Sakakibara, S; Ito, Akihiro; Ohshima, Kenji; Sakakibara, Tetsuo; Nishi, Takayuki; Hibino, Susumu; Niwa, S.; Kuniyoshi, Kazushige

doi:10.1111/j.1399-6576.2008.01649.x

Cited by 50 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…In the situation in which no physical cause can be found for pain or when the pain severity reported by the patient is not in accordance with visible injuries, the assessment of salivary alpha amylase may help the clinician to recognize the severity of the pain 9. Additionally, a non-invasive salivary sample collection in a stress-free atmosphere and the ability to collect numerous samples without limitation makes saliva a good measure for the evaluation of catecholamines 10.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between the level of salivary alpha amylase activity and pain severity in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis

et al. 2013

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ObjectivesAssessment of dental pain severity is very challenging in dentistry. Previous studies have suggested that elevated salivary alpha amylase may contribute to increased physical stresses. There is a close association between salivary alpha amylase and plasma norepinephrine under stressful physical conditions. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between pain severity and salivary alpha amylase levels in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis.Materials and MethodsThirty-six patients (20 females and 16 males) with severe tooth pain due to symptomatic irreversible pulpitis were selected. The visual analogue scale (VAS) score was used to assess the pain severity in each patient. Unstimulated whole saliva was collected, and the level of alpha amylase activity was assessed by the spectrophotometric method. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 13.ResultsThe level of alpha amylase was significantly increased in the saliva in association with pain severity assessed by VAS. The salivary alpha amylase was also elevated with increased age and in males.ConclusionsThere was a significant correlation between the VAS pain scale and salivary alpha amylase level, which indicates this biomarker may be a good index for the objective assessment of pain intensity.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The relationship between the level of salivary alpha amylase activity and pain severity in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis

et al. 2013

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“…However, blood sampling alone may increase stress hormone levels by concomitant pain. This has led to the measurement of salivary biomarkers being used as a non-invasive assessment tool in the clinical anesthesia field [9,20].…”

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confidence: 99%

Back massage therapy promotes psychological relaxation and an increase in salivary chromogranin A release

2010

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Massage therapy promotes psychosocial relaxation, reduces stress and has been reported to improve the immune function. As such, massage therapy is currently used in palliative care for the relief of anxiety and pain. Although psychosocial status has been evaluated using subjective psychological tests, such as State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI), subjective psychological tests are of limited value if the subjects fail to report reliably. Salivary biomarkers have been recently suggested as useful objective markers for assessing psychosocial status. To determine whether salivary biomarkers are useful objective indices for assessing the effects of back massage on the mental status of 25 young healthy female volunteers, we measured heart rate and salivary biomarkers (α-amylase activity, cortisol, and chromogranin A) and assessed the STAI score before and after the back massage. Back massage significantly reduced the heart rate and STAI; however, salivary amylase and cortisol levels did not change. In contrast, the level of salivary chromogranin A significantly increased. We therefore conclude that changes in the salivary biomarkers tested here may not indicate changes in psychological status following massage therapy. However, the increase in chromogranin A release may contribute to the immunologically beneficial effects of massage therapy as chromogranin A has antibacterial and antifungal activity.

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“…However, if subjects fail to reliably report, subjective evaluation tools are not reliable [11, 12]. Recently, measurement of salivary biomarkers, which are sampled noninvasively, was evaluated as stress biomarkers [11].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A hand-held monitor (COCORO meter, NIPRO, Japan) was used to measure amylase activity in a batch type, using a reagent paper containing 2-chloro-4-nitrophenyl-4- ο - β -D-galactopyranosylmaltoside (Gal-G2-CNP, Toyobo Co. Ltd., Japan) which is hydrolyzed by amylase [11, 12]. The hydrolyzing reaction goes on until the substrates are completely consumed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of the Kampo Medicine Yokukansan on Preoperative Anxiety and Sedation Levels

Arai

Kawanishi²,

Sakakima³

et al. 2014

Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine

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Background. Preoperative anxiety can lead to unfavorable physiological response such as tachycardia and hypertension. Prevention of preoperative anxiety improves surgical outcome and decreases inpatient stay. Yokukansan is one of prescriptions in Kampo, traditional Japanese herbal medicine, and is known to exert anxiolytic effects. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of diazepam and Yokukansan on preoperative anxiety, salivary amylase activity, and sedation levels. Methods. Seventy American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II patients presenting for hemicolectomy under general anesthesia combined with epidural anesthesia were enrolled. The Diazepam group received diazepam 5 mg orally and the Yokukansan group received Yokukansan 2.5 g orally. Results. Although levels of anxiety and salivary amylase activity were not different between the two groups, the modified Observer's Assessment of Alertness/Sedation Scale of the Yokukansan group was significantly higher compared to that of the Diazepam group. Conclusion. Yokukansan alleviated preoperative anxiety without undesirable sedation, when compared with diazepam.

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Intra‐operative natural sound decreases salivary amylase activity of patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair under epidural anesthesia

Abstract: Intra-operative natural sound significantly decreased salivary amylase activity of patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair under epidural anesthesia.

Cited by 50 publications

References 12 publications

The relationship between the level of salivary alpha amylase activity and pain severity in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis

The relationship between the level of salivary alpha amylase activity and pain severity in patients with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis

Back massage therapy promotes psychological relaxation and an increase in salivary chromogranin A release

The Effect of the Kampo Medicine Yokukansan on Preoperative Anxiety and Sedation Levels

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