Intra-articular extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the ankle

Abstract

We describe an extremely rare case of an intra-articular extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma causing devastating destruction to the ankle joint in a 71-year-old woman, which had been originally excised as a ganglion cyst. Histological analysis of the lesion revealed an extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma. The patient proceeded to curative surgery with a below-the-knee amputation.

Primary intra‐articular sarcoma: a clinicopathological study of 15 cases

“…These symptoms can be long‐standing and, in some instances, are present for many years . The majority of joint sarcomas arise in the knee joint; the most common is synovial sarcoma followed by conventional chondrosarcoma, extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma, malignant tenosynovial giant cell tumour and epithelioid sarcoma …”

“…The third patient with extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma had no evidence of disease 12 months after treatment. We are aware of only four other cases of intra‐articular extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma . The first occurred in the ankle joint in a 37‐year‐old man .…”

“…The third case was a 46‐year‐old male with an extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the right knee with pulmonary metastases . The fourth case described an extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma of the ankle in a 71‐year‐old female . The patient received a below‐knee amputation and had no evidence of disease.…”

“…Sarcomas infrequently affect joints; however, when articulations are involved it is due usually to the contiguous spread of tumour from neighbouring soft tissue or osseous structures. Primary sarcomas of the joint are extremely rare . The few cases that have been published reveal that most arise in the knee joint of adults, and the most common types are synovial sarcoma and extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma.…”

Intra-articular angioleiomyoma of the knee with an atypical finding on gadolinium-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging: a case report

“…Intra-articular malignant conditions are rare, but cases have been reported such as synovial sarcoma and chondrosarcoma [10,11]. MRI characteristics of synovial sarcoma have been described as follows: triple signal intensity sign (areas of hyper, iso, and hypointensity on T2-weighted sequences), multilobulated or lobulated septate cystic masses with heterogeneous septal, and/or peripheral nodular enhancement [12].…”