Intra‐ and interspecific variation in the responses of insect phenology to climate

Gutiérrez, David Díaz; Wilson, Robert J.

doi:10.1111/1365-2656.13348

Cited by 42 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…Increased pre-hibernation food intake may improve the larval energy budget, allowing synthesis of more cryoprotective compounds (Vrba et al, 2017a). An identical logic likely applies to post-hibernation larvae, in which the warmer and drier weather accelerates development, advancing the flight onsets (Gutiérrez & Wilson, 2020;Stewart et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Low winter precipitation, but not warm autumns and springs, threatens mountain butterflies in middle-high mountains

Konvička

Kuras

Lipárová

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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Low-elevation mountains represent unique model systems to study species endangered by climate warming, such as subalpine and alpine species of butterflies. We aimed to test the effect of climate variables experienced by Erebia butterflies during their development on adult abundances and phenology, targeting the key climate factors determining the population dynamics of mountain insects. We analysed data from a long-term monitoring of adults of two subalpine and alpine butterfly species, Erebia epiphron and E. sudetica (Nymphalidae: Satyrinae) in the Jeseník Mts and Krkonoše Mts (Czech Republic). Our data revealed consistent patterns in their responses to climatic conditions. Lower precipitation (i.e., less snow cover) experienced by overwintering larvae decreases subsequent adult abundances. Conversely, warmer autumns and warmer and drier springs during the active larval phase increase adult abundances and lead to earlier onset and extended duration of the flight season. The population trends of these mountain butterflies are stable or even increasing. On the background of generally increasing temperatures within the mountain ranges, population stability indicates dynamic equilibrium of positive and detrimental consequences of climate warming among different life history stages. These contradictory effects warn against simplistic predictions of climate change consequences on mountain species based only on predicted increases in average temperature. Microclimate variability may facilitate the survival of mountain insect populations, however the availability of suitable habitats will strongly depend on the management of mountain grasslands.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…It influences food intake ( Forrest & Thomson, 2011 ), development rate ( Ayers & Scriber, 1994 ), and pressure from natural enemies ( Corcos et al, 2018 ). All these factors ultimately affect adult abundance ( Roland, Filazzola & Matter, 2021 ) and flight period timing ( Gutiérrez & Wilson, 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low winter precipitation, but not warm autumns and springs, threatens mountain butterflies in middle-high mountains

Konvička

Kuras

Lipárová

et al. 2021

PeerJ

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“…Butterflies can also respond in situ to climatic variability through changes to behaviours such as egg‐site selection (Bennett et al ., 2015), basking (Barton et al ., 2014) and aestivation (García‐Barros, 1988), and through plasticity in physiology and morphology (e.g., de Jong et al ., 2010; Gibbs et al ., 2011). Variation within and among species in phenological responses to climate change could also buffer populations and communities against changes to prevailing climatic conditions during flight periods (e.g., Stefanescu et al ., 2003; Gutiérrez & Wilson, 2021). Nevertheless, climatic unpredictability may limit the scope of phenotypic plasticity to buffer populations against climate change (Kingsolver & Huey, 1998; Kingsolver & Buckley, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Butterfly communities track climatic variation over space but not time in the Iberian Peninsula

Mingarro

Cancela

BurÓn‐Ugarte

et al. 2021

Insect Conserv Diversity

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Indices of environmental associations such as the Community Temperature Index (CTI) and Community Precipitation Index (CPI) can be derived from occurrence data to extend the geographic scope or time frame of evidence for responses of insect diversity to global change. We tested whether occurrence records from 1901 to 2016 from the Iberian Peninsula could shed light on butterfly community responses to changes over space and time in the climate; and whether local climatic variation caused by topographic heterogeneity could buffer communities against the effects of climate change. CTI and CPI were closely related to variation in temperature and precipitation across 115 well‐sampled 10 km grid squares. However, whereas temperature and precipitation changed systematically from 1901–1979 to 1980–2016, and these changes were positively related to changes in CTI and CPI, community climatic associations did not change significantly over time. Butterfly communities became more associated with closed vegetation, suggesting that land cover changes overshadowed the effects of climate change. Local (1 km) climatic variation generally exceeded change over time at 10 km resolution, and heterogeneity in elevation slowed rates of warming. In turn, spatial variation in climatic conditions dampened butterfly community responses to heating and drying. Occurrence data are limited by their spatial resolution but can inform understanding of insect community responses to global change for regions lacking long‐term monitoring data. Our results suggest that local climatic variation accompanying topographic heterogeneity can shield regional butterfly faunas from the impacts of climate change.

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“…Climate change may therefore fundamentally affect their life history, and changes in their phenology are most notable [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. There is ample evidence that climate warming also has fundamental, yet sometimes complex, impacts on the life history of Lepidoptera [13][14][15][16][17][18]. As development speeds up and the time window of optimal temperatures widens, phenological shifts can sometimes even allow sufficient time to fit in an extra generation (change in voltinism) [19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Abundant Citizen Science Data Reveal That the Peacock Butterfly Aglais io Recently Became Bivoltine in Belgium

Herremans¹,

Gielen²,

Kerckhoven³

et al. 2021

Insects

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The peacock butterfly is abundant and widespread in Europe. It is generally believed to be univoltine (one generation per year): adults born in summer overwinter and reappear again in spring to reproduce. However, recent flight patterns in western Europe mostly show three peaks during the year: a first one in spring (overwintering butterflies), a second one in early summer (offspring of the spring generation), and a third one in autumn. It was thus far unclear whether this autumn flight peak was a second new generation or consisted of butterflies flying again in autumn after a summer rest (aestivation). The life cycle of one of Europe’s most common butterflies is therefore still surprisingly inadequately understood. We used hundreds of thousands of observations and thousands of pictures submitted by naturalists from the public to the online portal observation.orgin Belgium and analyzed relations between flight patterns, condition (wear), reproductive cycles, peak abundances, and phenology to clarify the current life history. We demonstrate that peacocks have shifted towards two new generations per year in recent decades. Mass citizen science data in online portals has become increasingly important in tracking the response of biodiversity to rapid environmental changes such as climate change.

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Intra‐ and interspecific variation in the responses of insect phenology to climate

Abstract: 1. Phenological change is the most widely documented biological impact of climate change, but shows marked variation in magnitude among populations and species.

Cited by 42 publications

References 58 publications

Low winter precipitation, but not warm autumns and springs, threatens mountain butterflies in middle-high mountains

Low winter precipitation, but not warm autumns and springs, threatens mountain butterflies in middle-high mountains

Butterfly communities track climatic variation over space but not time in the Iberian Peninsula

Abundant Citizen Science Data Reveal That the Peacock Butterfly Aglais io Recently Became Bivoltine in Belgium

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