Intra and interspecific sequence variation in closely related species of Cereus (CACTACEAE)

Silva, Gislaine A. R.; Jojima, Cecília Leiko; Moraes, Evandro M.; Antonelli, Alexandre; Manfrin, Maura Helena; Franco, Fernando Faria

doi:10.1016/j.bse.2016.02.001

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…According to the potential sequence variation for Cereus species previously reported (Silva et al., ), we selected the nuclear gene PhyC , and three noncoding plastid markers: the trnL intron, and the atpI‐atpH and petL‐psbE spacers. Moreover, to further improve the population analyses we also selected two plastid markers unexplored for Cereus : psbJ‐petA and trnQ‐5′rps16 spacers (Shaw, Lickey, Schilling, & Small, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polymerase chain reactions (PCRs) were performed as described in Silva et al. () and parameters for amplification followed the GoTaq ® Flexi DNA Polymerase (Promega) manual. Primer sequences used for PhyC , trnL intron, atpI‐atpH , and petL‐psbE are detailed in Silva et al.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Primer sequences used for PhyC , trnL intron, atpI‐atpH , and petL‐psbE are detailed in Silva et al. (), and for psbJ‐petA and trnQ‐5′rps16 in Shaw et al. ().…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of early Quaternary climate change on the diversification and population dynamics of a South American cactus species

Silva

Antonelli

Lendel

et al. 2017

Journal of Biogeography

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Aim: Climatic oscillations have been suggested to promote speciation and changes in species distributions, mostly in connection with the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM).However, the LGM is just the most recent of the 20+ glacial-interglacial periods that characterise the Quaternary. Here, we investigate the role of climatic changes and geomorphological features in shaping the evolution, distribution and population dynamics of the South American cactus Cereus hildmannianus.Location: South-eastern South America. Methods:We built a large fossil-calibrated phylogeny for cacti (family Cactaceae), comprising 128 species distributed in all subfamilies, using a Bayesian relaxed clock.We used the results to derive a secondary calibration for a population-level phylogeny in C. hildmannianus. We amplified two plastid (trnQ-5 0 rps16 and psbJ-petA) and one nuclear marker (PhyC) for 24 populations. We estimated population dynamics, ancestral areas, and species distribution models to infer the clade's evolutionary history in time and space.Results: Our results show a major population divergence of C. hildmannianus at c. 2.60Ma, which is strikingly coincident with the transition of the Pliocene-Pleistocene and onset of Quaternary glaciations. This was followed by a complex phylogeographic scenario involving population expansions across ecologically diverse regions.Main conclusions: Contrary to the dominant research focus on the LGM, our study indicates a major impact of the first Quaternary glaciation on the distribution and population divergence of a South American plant species. Further intraspecific events seem related to successive climatic changes and geomorphology, including the development of the coastal plain and its peculiar diversity. We propose that the first Quaternary glaciation acted as a major evolutionary bottleneck, whereby many warm-adapted lineages succumbed, while those that survived could diversify and better cope with subsequent climatic oscillations.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The impact of early Quaternary climate change on the diversification and population dynamics of a South American cactus species

Silva

Antonelli

Lendel

et al. 2017

Journal of Biogeography

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“…Exon 1 from nuclear phytochrome C ( PHYC ) gene and the plastid intergenic spacer trnS‐trnG were used as molecular markers. These segments were selected based on previous variability screening for Cereus (Romeiro‐Brito, Moraes, Taylor, Zappi, & Franco, ; Silva et al., ). Amplification reactions for trnS‐trnG and PHYC were performed following Bonatelli, Zappi, Taylor, and Moraes () and Helsen, Browne, Anderson, Verdyck, and Dongen (), respectively.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The xeric side of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: The forces shaping phylogeographic structure of cacti

Franco

Jojima

Perez

et al. 2017

Ecology and Evolution

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In order to investigate biogeographic influences on xeric biota in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest (BAF), a biodiversity hotspot, we used a monophyletic group including three cactus taxa as a model to perform a phylogeographic study: Cereus fernambucensis subsp. fernambucensis, C. fernambucensis subsp. sericifer, and C. insularis. These cacti are allopatric and grow in xeric habitats along BAF, including isolated granite and gneiss rock outcrops (Inselbergs), sand dune vegetation (Restinga forest), and the rocky shore of an oceanic archipelago (islands of Fernando de Noronha). The nucleotide information from nuclear gene phytochrome C and plastid intergenic spacer trnS‐trnG was used to perform different approaches and statistical analyses, comprising population structure, demographic changes, phylogenetic relationships, and biogeographic reconstruction in both spatial and temporal scales. We recovered four allopatric population groups with highly supported branches in the phylogenetic tree with divergence initiated in the middle Pleistocene: southern distribution of C. fernambucensis subsp. fernambucensis, northern distribution of C. fernambucensis subsp. fernambucensis together with C. insularis, southern distribution of C. fernambucensis subsp. sericifer, and northern distribution of C. fernambucensis subsp. sericifer. Further, the results suggest that genetic diversity of population groups was strongly shaped by an initial colonization event from south to north followed by fragmentation. The phylogenetic pattern found for C. insularis is plausible with peripatric speciation in the archipelago of Fernando de Noronha. To explain the phylogeographic patterns, the putative effects of both climatic and sea level changes as well as neotectonic activity during the Pleistocene are discussed.

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“…An alternative explanation could be a long-term effect of genetic drift eroding variation mostly in plastid genome, as cytoplasmic genomes in general presents fourfold smaller effective population size than nuclear genomes. Although previous studies have found intraspecific variation on cactus species in the plastid markers used in this study [ 46 ], including Pilosocereus species [ 18 ], lineage-specific variation in cpDNA has been reported in Cactaceae, even among closely related species [ 47 ]. These findings suggest that other plastid regions of P .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 75%

Weak population structure and no genetic erosion in Pilosocereus aureispinus: A microendemic and threatened cactus species from eastern Brazil

et al. 2018

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Succulent cacti (Cactaceae) are among the most threatened taxonomic groups assessed to date. Here we evaluated the genetic diversity and population structure of a narrow endemic columnar cactus Pilosocereus aureispinus. This species is only found in a small area of c. 300 km2 of rocky savanna from eastern Brazil and it is currently classified as vulnerable (VU) on the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list. Eight microsatellite loci were genotyped for 91 individuals from four localities of the known P. aureispinus range. In contrast with expectations for narrow endemic species, we found relatively high levels of genetic diversity (e.g., HE = 0.390 to 0.525; HO = 0.394 to 0.572) and very low population structure based on the variation of six loci. All the analyzed individuals were clustered in one unique genetic group in assignment tests. We also generated the sequences of two plastid markers (trnT-trnL and psbD-trnT) and found no variation on a subsample of 39 individuals. We used Landsat 8 images and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index to estimate a potential extent of occurrence of c. 750 km2 for this species. Our results showed that P. aureispinus is not suffering from erosion of nuclear genetic variability due to its narrow distribution. However, we advocate that because of the extremely limited extent of occurrence, the ongoing anthropogenic disturbances in its habitat, and phylogenetic distinctiveness of P. aureispinus, this species should be classified as endangered (EN) on the IUCN Red List.

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Intra and interspecific sequence variation in closely related species of Cereus (CACTACEAE)

Cited by 13 publications

References 24 publications

The impact of early Quaternary climate change on the diversification and population dynamics of a South American cactus species

The impact of early Quaternary climate change on the diversification and population dynamics of a South American cactus species

The xeric side of the Brazilian Atlantic Forest: The forces shaping phylogeographic structure of cacti

Weak population structure and no genetic erosion in Pilosocereus aureispinus: A microendemic and threatened cactus species from eastern Brazil

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