Intra- and interspecific allozymic variation in Liparis fabricii and Liparis gibbus (Teleostei, Liparididae) from Spitsbergen waters

Fevolden, Svein-Erik; Haug, Tore; Vader, Wim

doi:10.1007/bf00239155

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Data on heterozygosity in Arctic and Antarctic invertebrates are limited: the Iceland scallop, Chlamys islandica, is an Arctic and subarctic species with ''exceptional variation at several gene loci" including stress genes like superoxide dismustase and glycolytic genes (Fevolden, 1992). In contrast, three species of liparid fish in Spitsbergen showed extremely low allelic heterozygosity (Fevolden et al, 1989). This led Fevolden to conclude that Iceland scallops represent an exception of high heterozygosity in cold polar environments.…”

Section: Genes and Lifespan In Bivalvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bivalve models of aging and the determination of molluscan lifespans

Abele

Brey

Philipp

2009

Experimental Gerontology

130

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a b s t r a c tBivalves are newly discovered models of natural aging. This invertebrate group includes species with the longest metazoan lifespan approaching 400 y, as well as species of swimming and sessile lifestyles that live just for 1 y. Bivalves from natural populations can be aged by shell growth bands formed at regular intervals of time. This enables the study of abiotic and biotic environment factors (temperature, salinity, predator and physical disturbance) on senescence and fitness in natural populations, and distinguishes the impact of extrinsic effectors from intrinsic (genetic) determinants of animal aging. Extreme longevity of some bivalve models may help to analyze general metabolic strategies thought to be life prolonging, like the transient depression of metabolism, which forms part of natural behaviour in these species. Thus, seasonal food shortage experienced by benthic filter feeding bivalves in polar and temperate seas may mimic caloric restriction in vertebrates. Incidence of malignant neoplasms in bivalves needs to be investigated, to determine the implication of late acting mutations for bivalve longevity. Finally, bivalves are applicable models for testing the implication of heterozygosity of multiple genes for physiological tolerance, adaptability (heterozygote superiority), and life expectancy.Ó 2009 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. Bivalves: a diverse set of models for aging studies and environmental recordersCommonly used animal models for cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying the process of aging, such as Drosophila melanogaster, Caenorhabditis elegans or small rodents, are bred and reared under controlled laboratory conditions. Most of these aging models are short lived (days in C. elegans, weeks in D. melanogaster, <5 y in rodents) and, hence, may not show all the age-dependent changes of long-lived species (Reznik, 1993;Kirkwood, 2002). Especially, short lived models are not representative of the negligible aging type (Finch, 1990;Terzibasi et al., 2007). Further, aging under controlled laboratory conditions may differ significantly from aging in the wild, and the applicability of the results to natural animal populations is often questionable. Good reasons to establish animal models that can be sampled from a range of environmental settings and scenarios, but at the same time provide information on their individual life history, including their chronological age (Austad, 1996).Such new models are found among bivalve molluscs. Worldwide, approximately 20,000 species (Pearse et al., 1987) of marine bivalves exist so that this class offers a rich diversity of lifestyles, adaptations to specific environmental conditions and corresponding strategies of aging, albeit based on the same filter feeder blueprint in the majority of species. Some bivalve species, like the long-lived ocean quahog, Arctica islandica or the blue mussel Mytilus edulis exhibit broad geographical distribution, with habitats spanning large latitudinal ranges and covering different climate zones. Other sp...

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Section: Genes and Lifespan In Bivalvesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bivalve models of aging and the determination of molluscan lifespans

Abele

Brey

Philipp

2009

Experimental Gerontology

130

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Species from the genera Paraliparis and Rodichthys are very rare. Species identification is complicated due to their wide morphological variation (Fevolden et al 1989;Knudsen et al 2007). Several species of Liparis spawn during winter, while some species of Careproctus spawn during late summer (Ponomarenko 1995).…”

Section: Fish Families Examined and Their Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%