Intra-Amniotic Administration of Cashew Nut (Anacardium occidentale L.) Soluble Extract Improved Gut Functionality and Morphology In Vivo (Gallus gallus)

Abstract

Cashew nuts are rich in dietary fibers, monounsaturated fatty acids, carotenoids, tocopherols, flavonoids, catechins, amino acids, and minerals that offer benefits for health. However, the knowledge of its effect on gut health is lacking. In this way, cashew nut soluble extract (CNSE) was assessed in vivo via intra-amniotic administration in intestinal brush border membrane (BBM) morphology, functionality, and gut microbiota. Four groups were evaluated: (1) no injection (control); (2) H2O injection (control); (3) 10 mg/mL CNSE (1%); and (4) 50 mg/mL CNSE (5%). Results related to CNSE on duodenal morphological parameters showed higher Paneth cell numbers, goblet cell (GC) diameter in crypt and villi, depth crypt, mixed GC per villi, and villi surface area. Further, it decreased GC number and acid and neutral GC. In the gut microbiota, treatment with CNSE showed a lower abundance of Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and E. coli. Further, in intestinal functionality, CNSE upregulated aminopeptidase (AP) gene expression at 5% compared to 1% CNSE. In conclusion, CNSE had beneficial effects on gut health by improving duodenal BBM functionality, as it upregulated AP gene expression, and by modifying morphological parameters ameliorating digestive and absorptive capacity. For intestinal microbiota, higher concentrations of CNSE or long-term intervention may be necessary.

Characterization and Function Analysis of Soluble Dietary Fiber Obtained from Radish Pomace by Different Extraction Methods

“…SDF could delay the progression of obesity by increasing fecal bulk, reducing transit time, helping lower fat accumulation, improving the serum lipid profile, and increasing basal metabolism [ 3 ]. SDF are rapidly fermented, while IDF are slowly or only partially fermented [ 4 ]. They were also regarded as a significant nutrient to the fiber-degrading bacteria in the gut [ 5 ] and could increase the diversity of the gut microbiota and the colonization of beneficial bacteria.…”

Tree nuts demand analysis using the LA-AIDS model: A case of the Indian economy paradox

“…In the contemporary era, the importance of tree nuts cannot be overlooked or underestimated. Tree nuts have become an integral part of different aspects of human life, ranging from nutritional intake and dietary preferences [ [1] , [2] , [3] , [4] ], health [ [5] , [6] , [7] , [8] ], livelihood and economic prosperity [ [9] , [10] , [11] ], and environmental sustainability [ [12] , [13] , [14] ]. Nuts are rich in fats, low in carbohydrates, and serve as excellent source of various nutrients such as vitamin E, magnesium, and selenium [ 4 , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] ].…”

“…Nuts are rich in fats, low in carbohydrates, and serve as excellent source of various nutrients such as vitamin E, magnesium, and selenium [ 4 , [15] , [16] , [17] , [18] ]. Nuts also contain protein, dietary fiber, unsaturated fatty acids, amino acids, flavonoids, phytochemicals, phytonutrients, and minerals [ 1 , 2 , [19] , [20] , [21] ]. Thus, due to their extensive contribution to economic livelihood, the environment, nutrition, and health, tree nuts are regarded as significant and valuable resources in many countries.…”