Intra-abdominal fat is related to metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fat liver disease in obese youth

Silveira, Loreana Sanches; Monteiro, Paula Alves; Antunes, Bárbara de Moura Mello; Seraphim, Patrícia Monteiro; Fernandes, Rômulo Araújo; Christófaro, Diego Giulliano Destro; Júnior, Ismael Forte Freitas

doi:10.1186/1471-2431-13-115

Cited by 56 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…16 This finding is potentially concerning because the natural increase of adipose tissue observed throughout maturational events 16 might exacerbate the harmful relationship between body fatness and inflammation already present during adolescence. 17,18 Inflammation is commonly related to increased body fatness. 1,3 Once in the bloodstream, hsCRP alters the genetic expression of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase and increases both the permeability of the vascular wall to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and the activity of the plasminogen-activator inhibitor-1.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mediating Role of Physical Inactivity on the Relationship between Inflammation and Artery Thickness in Prepubertal Adolescents

Cayres

Lira

Machado‐Rodrigues

et al. 2015

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Objective To analyze the relationship between inflammatory markers and the lipid profile, blood flow, and artery structure in prepubertal adolescents stratified according to sports practice. Study designThe sample was composed of 120 adolescents (57 boys and 63 girls) with a mean age of 11.7 AE 0.7 years (ranging from 11 to 13 years). Intima-media thickness (IMT) and blood flow were measured with ultrasonography. The lipid profile and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein were measured after the subjects had fasted for 12 hours overnight. Trunk fatness was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Organized sports participation was analyzed as a categorical variable. Biological maturation was determined via the age at peak height velocity.Results In the adjusted model, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein was significantly related to high-density lipopro- H igh-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) is an acute-phase protein produced by the liver in response to interleukin-6, which is directly related to vascular inflammation.1,2 During the atherosclerotic process, hsCRP is associated with greater permeability of the intima layer through stimuli of intercellular/vascular cell adhesion molecules. hsCRP also acts in processes related to oxidation of lipoproteins in the vascular wall.2,3 Strategies to counteract inflammation status commonly include both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic strategies. In the latter, lifestyle changes frequently are used, especially improved diet, giving up smoking, and practicing physical exercise. 4 Q5Indeed, physical exercise at moderate intensity plays an anti-inflammatory role. 4,5 Its prolonged practice has been linked to the control the progression of intima-media thickness (IMT) in hypertensive adults 6 and also in healthy adolescents. 7,8Recently, studies have reported that behavioral variables can modulate the relationship between the progression of artery IMT and its risk factors.9,10 For instance, smoking exacerbates the relationship between age and the metabolic syndrome components and age and carotid IMT (cIMT) in young adults. 10 In contrast, the same harmful effect related to age has been observed relating to physical inactivity.9 However, physical inactivity seems to exacerbate the relationship between cIMT Q6and overweight, blood pressure, and dyslipidemia in adults. 9The objective of the present study was to analyze the relationship between hsCRP and the lipid profile, blood flow, and artery IMT in prepubertal adolescents who were stratified according to their engagement in sports practice. It was hypothesized that inflammation would be positively and strongly related to cardiovascular/metabolic outcomes in inactive youth compared with the active ones, independent of body fatness and biological maturation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Mediating Role of Physical Inactivity on the Relationship between Inflammation and Artery Thickness in Prepubertal Adolescents

Cayres

Lira

Machado‐Rodrigues

et al. 2015

The Journal of Pediatrics

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“…5 Visceral fat has been shown to be more indicative of cardiometabolic risk in obese children than subcutaneous fat. 6 Weitzman and colleagues 7 demonstrated that PSE may be a risk factor for overweight and obesity, and metabolic syndrome among adolescents (12-19 years). Some research that examined the relationship between PSE and obesity has reported inconclusive results, 8 while other researchers have found a relationship between PSE and obesity, primarily by using maternal self-report measures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive Smoke Exposure and Its Effects on Cognition, Sleep, and Health Outcomes in Overweight and Obese Children

et al. 2016

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Background: Passive smoke exposure (PSE) may be a risk factor for childhood overweight and obesity and is associated with worse neurocognitive development, cognition, and sleep in children. The purpose of the study is to examine the effects of PSE on adiposity, cognition, and sleep in overweight and obese children using an objective measure of PSE.Methods: Overweight or obese children (n = 222) aged 7-11 (9.4 -1.1 years; 58% black; 58% female; 85% obese) were recruited from schools near Augusta, Georgia, over the course of the school year Results: Overweight and obese children with PSE had greater overall and central adiposity than nonexposed overweight and obese children ( p < 0.03). However, PSE was unrelated to prediabetes, insulin resistance, or visceral fat. PSE was linked to poorer cognitive scores ( p < 0.04) independent of adiposity, but was not related to sleep-disordered breathing.Conclusions: PSE is associated with fatness and poorer cognition in children. Tailored interventions that target multiple health risk factors including nutrition, physical activity, and tobacco use in children and families are needed to prevent adverse health outcomes related to tobacco use and obesity.

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“…It is well documented that obesity constitutes a risk factor for other chronic outcomes, such as insulin resistance (3), elevated blood pressure (4), dyslipidemia (5) and non alcoholic fatty liver disease (6). Moreover, obesity trig gered in childhood tends to continue into adulthood (7).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of concurrent training on gender-specific biochemical variables and adiposity in obese adolescents

Antunes

Christófaro

Monteiro

et al. 2015

Arch. Endocrinol. Metab.

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Objective: The purpose of the present study was to analyze the effects of a 20-week concurrent training (20 WCT) intervention program on gender-specific body composition and metabolic variables in obese adolescents. Subjects and methods: Sample was composed of twenty-five obese adolescents, aged between 12 and 15 (13.4 ± 0.96) years. Fat-free mass (FFM), percentage trunk fat mass (TFM%) and percentage fat mass (%FM) were evaluated through dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Measurement of intra-abdominal adiposity (IAAT) was performed using ultrasound. Blood pressure was measured and blood samples analyzed for total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c), triglycerides (TG) and plasma glucose. All participants performed the concurrent training (combination of weight training and aerobic training) three times per week, one hour per day, for 20 weeks. Descriptive analysis and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for repeated measures were used to compare baseline, 10 week and 20 week moments using the Bonferroni post-hoc test. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Significant decrease in TC, LDLc and TFM% were verified in both genders after the 10 initial weeks of concurrent training. Results: A significant increase in height was found in both the male and female groups (p = 0.001 and p = 0.047, respectively), after 20 weeks of concurrent training. In addition, several modifications were observed in body composition and metabolic variables, with a significant decrease in BMI (p = 0.002 and p = 0.017), BMI z-score (p = 0.033 and p = 0.004), FM% (p = 0.002 and p = 0.002), TFM% (p = 0.009 and p = 0.018), TC (p = 0.042 and p = 0.001) and LDL-c (p = 0.006 and p = 0.001) in the male and female groups, respectively, after 20 weeks of intervention when compared with baseline. Conclusion: Our results identified that concurrent training was an effective intervention for treating metabolic variable and body composition disorders, in both genders, by decreasing adiposity with consequent improvement in BMI and BMI z-scores, and enhancement in lipid profile variables. Arch Endocrinol Metab. 2015;59(4):303-9

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Intra-abdominal fat is related to metabolic syndrome and non-alcoholic fat liver disease in obese youth

Cited by 56 publications

References 34 publications

The Mediating Role of Physical Inactivity on the Relationship between Inflammation and Artery Thickness in Prepubertal Adolescents

The Mediating Role of Physical Inactivity on the Relationship between Inflammation and Artery Thickness in Prepubertal Adolescents

Passive Smoke Exposure and Its Effects on Cognition, Sleep, and Health Outcomes in Overweight and Obese Children

Effect of concurrent training on gender-specific biochemical variables and adiposity in obese adolescents

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