“…In the complementary body of literature investigating the partner violence victimization – smoking link, a recent meta-analysis concluded that the strength of the association between smoking and partner violence victimization had a moderate effect size (d = .41) (Crane et al, 2013). Experiencing partner violence increases an individual's likelihood of initiating smoking at an earlier age (Yoshihama, Horrocks, & Bybee, 2010) and being a current smoker (Ackerson, Kawachi, Barbeau, & Subramanian, 2007; Black & Breiding, 2008; Jun, Rich-Edwards, Boynton-Jarrett, & Wright, 2008; Scott-Storey, Wuest, & Ford-Gilboe, 2009; Stene, Jacobsen, Dyb, Tverdal, & Schei, 2013; Vest, Catlin, Chen, & Brownson, 2002).…”