Intimate Partner Violence During Pregnancy

Rao, Rohini R.

doi:10.1007/978-981-10-4953-8_52

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…In many settings, policies on social distancing have necessitated the restructuring of health care services to reduce face-to-face contact between doctors and patients, making diagnosis and support of mental health conditions more challenging ( 16 ). During this pandemic, many women are more vulnerable to intimate partner violence ( 13 , 95 ) and associated adverse pregnancy outcomes ( 4 ), and they are less able to seek support ( 4 , 134 ). Increased stress and anxiety during pregnancy upregulate inflammatory pathways and correlate strongly with neuropsychiatric disease for offspring ( 1 ).…”

Section: Unintended Consequences Of Covid-19 For Maternal Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy and COVID-19

Wastnedge

Reynolds

Boeckel

et al. 2021

Physiological Reviews

554

506

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There are many unknowns for pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic. Clinical experience of pregnancies complicated with infection by other coronaviruses e.g. SARS and MERS, has led to pregnant woman being considered potentially vulnerable to severe SARS-CoV-2 infection. Physiological changes during pregnancy have a significant impact on the immune system, respiratory system, cardiovascular function and coagulation. These may have positive or negative effects on COVID-19 disease progression. The impact of SARS-CoV-2 in pregnancy remains to be determined and a concerted, global effort is required to determine effects on implantation, fetal growth and development, labour and neonatal health. Asymptomatic infection presents a further challenge regarding service provision, prevention and management. As well as direct impacts of the disease, a plethora of indirect consequences of the pandemic will adversely affect maternal health including reduced access to reproductive health services, increased mental health strain and increased socioeconomic deprivation. In this review we explore the current knowledge of COVID-19 in pregnancy and signpost areas for further research to minimise its impact for women and their children.

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Section: Unintended Consequences Of Covid-19 For Maternal Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pregnancy and COVID-19

Wastnedge

Reynolds

Boeckel

et al. 2021

Physiological Reviews

554

506

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Also, a systematic review of clinical studies from Africa reports prevalence rates of 23-40% for physical, 3-27% for sexual, and 25-49% for emotional intimate partner violence during pregnancy (Shamu et al, 2011). Intimate partner violence during pregnancy is associated with adverse health outcomes for the pregnant woman and her baby (Pal & Rao, 2020). The intimate partner violence experienced by women may lead to psychological trauma/ stress and psychological trauma/stress could make women consume alcohol (Pal & Rao, 2020;World Health Organization, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intimate partner violence during pregnancy is associated with adverse health outcomes for the pregnant woman and her baby (Pal & Rao, 2020). The intimate partner violence experienced by women may lead to psychological trauma/ stress and psychological trauma/stress could make women consume alcohol (Pal & Rao, 2020;World Health Organization, 2008). Therefore, if the consumption of alcohol occurs during pregnancy, it may lead to FASD (Pal & Rao, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perspectives of Policymakers and Service Providers on Why Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Remain Unabated in South Africa: a Qualitative Study

Adebiyi

Mukumbang

2021

Int J Ment Health Addiction

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Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) remains one of the leading sources of non-genetic intellectual and developmental disabilities globally. South Africa (SA) could be considered to bear the greatest burden of FASD globally with the recorded prevalence of FASD ranging from 29 to 290 per 1000 live births. Despite several efforts to reduce the incidence and prevalence of FASD in SA, its incidence and prevalence remain high. In this study, we examined the factors behind the sustained high incidence and prevalence of FASD in SA. Using an exploratory qualitative design, we explored the perspectives and experiences of 10 policymakers and 65 service providers on why FASD remains unabated despite various efforts to address the problem in SA. Ten in-depth interviews were conducted with policymakers and nine focus group discussions were conducted with the service providers in the Western Cape Province of SA. Data were analyzed inductively using the thematic analysis approach and emerging themes were deductively classified using the ecological model. Our findings revealed several reasons for the sustained high prevalence and increasing incidence of FASD in SA. At the individual level, late antenatal booking, alcohol consumption during pregnancy, and socio-economic conditions of individuals were identified as relevant factors driving the FASD prevalence in SA. Inadequate support groups for women were reported at the interpersonal level. The widespread availability of illegal liquor stores and inadequate specialized prevention programs were reported as community-level challenges. At the institutional level, the reasons included inadequate training of professionals and inadequate collaboration between government departments. At the policy level, the absence of a specific policy addressing FASD constitutes a significant barrier to the unabated FASD. The study findings suggest a cascade effect within the different levels of the ecological model highlighting the need for a holistic and systemic approach to preventing FASD in SA. The design and implementation of holistic, human rights-based, and interdepartment policies and programs addressing the social determinants of FASD should be considered.

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