Intimate Partner Violence and Traumatic Brain Injury

Ivany, Amanda St.; Schminkey, Donna

doi:10.1097/fch.0000000000000094

Cited by 88 publications

(98 citation statements)

References 60 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…It has been estimated that the number of women subjected to partner-related TBIs far exceeds the combined number of Iraq and Afghanistan military personnel and National Football League football players sustaining mTBIs. 55 Given the potential impact repetitive mTBIs may have on such a large number of women in our society, it is imperative that we increase our understanding of the effects of mTBIs in women experiencing IPV. This paper represents a small but critical step toward reaching that goal.…”

Section: Impact Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

White Matter Correlates of Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries in Women Subjected to Intimate-Partner Violence: A Preliminary Study

Valera

Cao

Pasternak

et al. 2019

Journal of Neurotrauma

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A large proportion (range of 44-75%) of women who experience intimate-partner violence (IPV) have been shown to sustain repetitive mild traumatic brain injuries (mTBIs) from their abusers. Further, despite requests for research on TBI-related health outcomes, there are currently only a handful of studies addressing this issue and only one prior imaging study that has investigated the neural correlates of IPV-related TBIs. In response, we examined specific regions of white matter microstructure in 20 women with histories of IPV. Subjects were imaged on a 3-Tesla Siemens Magnetom TrioTim scanner using diffusion magnetic resonance imaging. We investigated the association between a score reflecting number and recency of IPV-related mTBIs and fractional anisotropy (FA) in the posterior and superior corona radiata as well as the posterior thalamic radiation, brain regions shown previously to be involved in mTBI. We also investigated the association between several cognitive measures, namely learning, memory, and cognitive flexibility, and FA in the white matter regions of interest. We report a negative correlation between the brain injury score and FA in regions of the posterior and superior corona radiata. We failed to find an association between our cognitive measures and FA in these regions, but the interpretation of these results remains inconclusive due to possible power issues. Overall, these data build upon the small but growing literature demonstrating potential consequences of mTBIs for women experiencing IPV, and further underscore the urgent need for larger and more comprehensive studies in this area.

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Section: Impact Summarymentioning

confidence: 99%

White Matter Correlates of Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries in Women Subjected to Intimate-Partner Violence: A Preliminary Study

Valera

Cao

Pasternak

et al. 2019

Journal of Neurotrauma

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“…26 Yet, although the identified studies focused on prevalence rates, identification and screening, and recommendations for health care professionals, none of them address the state of TBI knowledge among frontline workers, an area highlighted as being of key importance. 7 Further investigation has been recognized as a priority both by researchers 3,14–16,18,27 and in mainstream media. 28–31…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Battered and Brain Injured: Assessing Knowledge of Traumatic Brain Injury Among Intimate Partner Violence Service Providers

Haag

Sokoloff

MacGregor³

et al. 2019

Journal of Women's Health

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Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) as a result of intimate partner violence (IPV) is a significant health concern; yet, little is known about the intersection between the two. Existing research is scarce, limiting the ability of health care providers to develop effective supports. This pilot project surveyed the IPV support community in Toronto, Canada to understand the degree of existing TBI-specific knowledge and relevant services available among these service providers and to seek to bridge the divide between research and practice by developing a national knowledge-to-practice network to support brain-injured women survivors of IPV. Materials and Methods: In phase 1, 68 agencies providing IPV support services were invited to complete an anonymous online survey. In phase 2, 22 stakeholders attended a workshop held to disseminate existing knowledge, develop a national knowledge-to-practice network, and determine next steps in research and practice. Results: The results highlighted a general lack of TBI awareness and understanding among IPV service providers. In addition, participants stated that frontline workers and women survivors of IPV alike do not recognize signs or symptoms of TBI. Recommendations addressing research gaps, professional and public education, and service development were identified and are discussed herein. Conclusions: The identified lack of TBI knowledge among IPV service providers highlights the immediate need to increase education among management and frontline workers. Further investigation identifying best practices for knowledge transfer are suggested. The development of a national strategy addressing education, research, and funding is critical for successful uptake and integration of TBI-sensitive services within the IPV sector.

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“…The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention defines IPV as ''physical violence, sexual violence, threats of physical/sexual violence, and psychological/emotional abuse perpetrated by a current or former spouse, common-law spouse, nonmarital dating partners, or boyfriends/girlfriends of the same or opposite sex.'' 4,5 Previous studies have linked IPV to a wide range of adverse health consequences, including injury, 3,[6][7][8] chronic pain, 9,10 gastrointestinal disorders, [11][12][13] sexually transmitted diseases, [14][15][16][17] disability, 18,19 poor pregnancy outcomes, 20 substance abuse, [21][22][23] depression, 24,25 post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), 26,27 and death. 28 Clearly, a gender gap exists in susceptibility to violence in general and IPV in particular, with most national surveys suggesting higher IPV rates in women versus men.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship of Physical Intimate Partner Violence with Mental Health Diagnoses in the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample

Beydoun

Williams

Beydoun

et al. 2017

Journal of Women's Health

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Objectives: We examined associations of physical intimate partner violence (PIPV) with selected mental health disorders using a nationally representative sample of emergency department (ED) discharges corresponding to men and women (18-64 years) from the 2010 Nationwide Emergency Department Sample. Methods: PIPV was determined using International Classification of Disease, 9th Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) external cause of injury code E967.3 (battering by spouse or partner). ICD-9-CM clinical classification of discharge diagnoses was used to identify mental health disorders. Multivariable logistic regression models were constructed to estimate adjusted odds ratios (OR adj ) and their 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: PIPV prevalence was estimated at 0.36 per 1000 ED discharges. The strongest correlates of PIPV were alcohol-related (OR adj = 3.02, 95% CI: 2.62-3.50), adjustment (OR adj = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.56-3.58), intentional selfharm (OR adj = 1.41, 95% CI: 1.05-1.89), anxiety (OR adj = 1.23, 95% CI: 1.07-1.40), drug-related (OR adj = 1.22, 95% CI: 1.01-1.47), and mood (OR adj = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04-1.31) disorders. PIPV's association with alcoholrelated disorders was stronger among women (OR adj = 3.22, 95% CI: 2.79-3.72) versus men (OR adj = 1.98, 95% CI: 1.42-2.77). Similarly, drug-related disorders were stronger correlates of PIPV among women (OR adj = 1.32, 95% CI: 1.09-1.60) versus men (OR adj = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.31-1.16). Conclusions: In EDs, PIPV was linked to several mental health disorders, with women experiencing comorbid PIPV and substance use more frequently than men.

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Intimate Partner Violence and Traumatic Brain Injury

Cited by 88 publications

References 60 publications

White Matter Correlates of Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries in Women Subjected to Intimate-Partner Violence: A Preliminary Study

White Matter Correlates of Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries in Women Subjected to Intimate-Partner Violence: A Preliminary Study

Battered and Brain Injured: Assessing Knowledge of Traumatic Brain Injury Among Intimate Partner Violence Service Providers

Relationship of Physical Intimate Partner Violence with Mental Health Diagnoses in the Nationwide Emergency Department Sample

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