Intimate Partner Violence and the Sexual and Reproductive Health Outcomes of Women in Ghana

Tenkorang, Eric Y.

doi:10.1177/1090198119859420

Cited by 19 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…It is also documented that women who experience IPV are less motivated to access or utilize contraceptives [ 24 ]. Using demographic and health survey data, Tenkorang [ 25 ], Silverman et al [ 26 ], and Tsai et al [ 27 ] have examined the associations between IPV and sexual and reproductive health outcomes, including family planning use in Ghana, Niger, and the Philippines, respectively. While Tenkorang [ 25 ] found significant associations between IPV and sexual and reproductive health outcomes (unwanted pregnancy and a pregnancy loss) and Silverman et al [ 26 ] found significant associations between IPV and non-use of family planning, the study by Tsai et al [ 27 ], concluded that there was no association between IPV and non-use of family planning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual violence and unmet need for contraception among married and cohabiting women in sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from demographic and health surveys

et al. 2020

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Introduction Contraception plays a significant role in fertility regulation and determines the reproductive health rights of women. Studies in other parts of the world have found that sexual violence has negative effects on unmet need for contraception. There has not been any study on the association between these two phenomena in sub-Saharan Africa using current nationally-representative survey data. We investigated the association between sexual violence and unmet need for contraception among married and cohabiting women in sub-Saharan Africa. Materials and methods This study was based on secondary datasets from 26 sub-Saharan African countries’ Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2010 and 2018. A sample of 101,968 women in sexual unions (married and cohabiting) with complete information on sexual violence and all the variables of interest were included in the analyses. Both bivariate and multilevel logistic regression analyses were carried out to examine the association between sexual violence and unmet need for contraception. Other individual and contextual level socio-economic and demographic variables were considered as covariates. Crude odds ratios [cOR] and adjusted odds ratios [aOR] with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals [CI], signifying precision, were presented. Level of statistical significance was declared at p<0.05. Results The overall prevalence of sexual violence and unmet need for contraception in the 26 sub-Saharan African countries were 8.7% and 28.7% respectively. Experience of sexual violence within the last 12 months resulted in 10% increase in unmet need for contraception [OR = 1.10, CI = 1.03–1.14] and 5% increase in unmet need for contraception after controlling for individual and contextual level factors [aOR = 1.05, CI = 1.01–1.11]. With the individual level factors, women with 4 or more births [aOR = 4.85, CI = 4.41–5.33], those cohabiting [aOR = 1.43, CI = 1.37–1.47], those in female headed households [aOR = 1.22, CI = 1.18–1.27] and those who watched television at least once a week [aOR = 1.12, CI = 1.07–1.16] had higher odds of unmet need for family planning. However, those aged 30–34 [aOR = 0.56, CI = 0.52–0.61], those with secondary/higher level of education [AOR = 0.80, CI = 0.77–0.84], those who read newspaper less than once a week [aOR = 0.75, CI = 0.71–0.79] and those who listened to radio at least once a week [aOR = 0.94, CI = 0.90–0.97] had lower odds of unmet need for contraception. In terms of the contextual factors, women in rural areas [aOR = 0.87, CI = 0.84–0.91] and those in the richest wealth quintile households [aOR = 0.80, CI = 0.75–0.85] had lower odds of unmet need for contraception. Conclusion Our study has shown an association between sexual violence and unmet need for contraception in sub-Saharan Africa. Experiencing sexual violence increases the likelihood of unmet need for contraception in sub-Saharan Africa. It is also worthy to no...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual violence and unmet need for contraception among married and cohabiting women in sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from demographic and health surveys

et al. 2020

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“…This power imbalance in the family leaves the female partner vulnerable to abuse. In the Ghanaian context, men are seen as the heads of the family and so whatever they say should not be challenged (Apatinga & Tenkorang, 2020;Dako-Gyeke et al, 2019;Dery, 2019;Owusu-Addo et al, 2018;E. Y. Tenkorang, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies by other authors have found similar results (Machisa et al, 2018;Sabri et al, 2019;Eric Y. Tenkorang, Owusu, Yeboah, & Bannerman, 2013) as factors that led to intimate partner violence. In most cultures, men control and dominate their partners in Ghana (Dickson et al, 2020;Issahaku, 2015;Owusu-Addo et al, 2018;E. Y. Tenkorang, 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some studies (Addo-Lartey et al, 2019;Adomako & Darkwa Baffour, 2019;Dako-Gyeke et al, 2019;Dery, 2019;Dickson, Ameyaw, & Darteh, 2020;Fuseini, Afizu, Yakubu, & Nachinab, 2019;Owusu-Addo et al, 2018; E. Y. Tenkorang, 2019; E. Y. Tenkorang, Asamoah-Boaheng, & Owusu, 2020) have identified societal, individual and spousal factors as accounting for intimate partner violence perpetration or gender-based violence.…”

Section: Forms Of and Factors Associated With Perpetration Of Intimatmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Even though there is literature about the perpetration of IPV in Sub-Saharan Africa and Ghana (Addo-Lartey et al, 2019;Adomako & Darkwa Baffour, 2019;Amegbor, Yankey, Rosenberg, & Sabel, 2020;Apatinga & Tenkorang, 2020;Baffoe-Whyte & Sossou, 2019;Cofie, 2018;Dako-Gyeke et al, 2019;Dery, 2019;Dickson et al, 2020;Doat, Negarandeh, & Hasanpour, 2019;Issahaku, 2015;Owusu-Addo et al, 2018;E. Y. Tenkorang, 2019), no single study has been done with the factors that led to male partners' perpetration of violence against their female HIV positive partners.…”

Section: The Theoretical Basis Of Intimate Partner Violence Perpetrationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Forms of and Factors Associated With Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence by Men on Their Female Partners Following HIV Status Disclosure in the Ashanti Region of Ghana: A Qualitative Study

Apiribu¹,

Ncama²,

Duma³

2020

GJHS

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Background: Men’s experiences of perpetration of intimate partner violence against their female heterosexual partners following disclosure of their HIV positive status is a global health problem. The forms of IPV and factors associated with IPV following the disclosure are under-researched. In this article, we aim to explore and describe the forms of and factors associated with men’s experiences of perpetration of IPV against their female partners following the disclosure of seropositive HIV status. Methods: An exploratory qualitative research design using an interpretive phenomenological analysis method was employed for the data collection from participants (men) who perpetrated violence against their HIV positive women. The study setting was done in two HIV clinics in two Hospitals. The study population consisted of all men whose intimate partners had been diagnosed HIV positive and made known to their partners and are seeking healthcare at the two HIV clinics. Purposive sampling technique was employed to recruit participants for the study. An interpretive phenomenological approach was employed for the collection and analysis from eighteen men whose partners had recently disclosed their seropositive HIV status. An interview guide was the tool employed for the data collection. Data collection and analysis were undertaken concurrently. Results: Most of the participants identified and described the forms of and factors associated with IPV influencing them to perpetrate IPV. Five themes and sub-themes emerged and these include; emotional factors, spousal related factors, Social related factors, Sex-related factors and some forms of IPV which were identified by participants. Each of these themes has subthemes. Conclusion: Men use different forms of IPV violence in abusing women who disclosure their HIV seropositive status. Several factors as identified in this study accounts for this partner violence. Forms and factors associated with intimate partner violence should be used as a guide in formulating policies and developing a guide that can be utilised in the early detection of IPV in this category of women.

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Multilevel determinants of physical violence among ever-partnered women in South Africa

Puoeng,

Tsawe

2024

Arch Womens Ment Health

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Background Violence against women continues to be a challenge in many countries. Many women suffer physical violence at the hands of their intimate partners and sometimes this leads to their deaths. This study aimed to examine the multilevel determinants of physical violence among ever-partnered women in South Africa. Methods We used data from the 2016 South Africa Demographic and Health Survey. The study has a weighted sample size of 4169 ever-partnered women aged 18–49 years, based on the domestic violence module. We included univariate, bivariate and multilevel logistic regression analysis. We included a two-level model to measure the relationship between the selected background characteristics and physical violence. Results The prevalence of physical violence among ever-partnered women was 20.6%. The bivariate findings showed that educational status, employment status, witness to inter-parental violence, partner’s drinking habits, household wealth, educational difference, and province were statistically associated with physical violence. The multilevel analysis showed some evidence of between-cluster variation in physical violence. We found that age, education, employment status, witness to inter-parental violence, partner’s drinking habits, household wealth, education difference, place of residence, and province were key predictors of physical violence. The odds of physical violence were more than two-fold in the Eastern Cape and Mpumalanga compared to Gauteng. Conclusion The study highlighted various key factors explaining physical violence. The findings suggest the need for targeted interventions aimed at specific communities of women, such as those from the Eastern Cape and Mpumalanga, as well as interventions that will empower women and address gender inequalities.

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Intimate Partner Violence and the Sexual and Reproductive Health Outcomes of Women in Ghana

Cited by 19 publications

References 60 publications

Sexual violence and unmet need for contraception among married and cohabiting women in sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from demographic and health surveys

Sexual violence and unmet need for contraception among married and cohabiting women in sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from demographic and health surveys

Forms of and Factors Associated With Perpetration of Intimate Partner Violence by Men on Their Female Partners Following HIV Status Disclosure in the Ashanti Region of Ghana: A Qualitative Study

Multilevel determinants of physical violence among ever-partnered women in South Africa

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