Intimal Alterations of the Aorta and the Great Arteries of Newborn and Children

Sinzinger, H.; Feigl, W; Dadak, Ch.; Holzner, Johann

doi:10.1159/000162807

Cited by 10 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(5 reference statements)

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“…Some years ago. we reported (36) that all the aortae from 50 fetuses and newborn humans showed ' This investigation was supported by the 'Landeshypobank fur Nicderosterreich'. The financial help for this study is kindly acknowledged.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

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Quantitative Investigation of Sudanophilic Lesions around the Aortic Ostia of Human Fetuses, Newborn and Children

Sinzinger¹,

Silberbauer²,

Auerswald³

1980

J Vasc Res

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The sudanophilic lesions around the aortic ostia of 10 fetuses, 10 newborns and 10 children aged up to 1 year were studied using a polar coordinate mapping method. The periorificial sudanophilic lesions develop initially distal to the orifices and show a continuous increase with age in percentage and extent. In children the lesions nearly completely surround all the ostia with a significant distal peak. There was no sex difference; the involvement of the right and left side was comparable. The comparison of the morphological data from the parents and children with anamnestics showed no relationship.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…As the lesion around the ostium grows in size, the number of intracellular fat droplets in a given smooth muscle cell as well as the number of involved cells increases (23). This is the same for extra cellular lipid incrustation (36,37,41). The periorificial lesions were maximal usually distal to the branching points.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 68%

Quantitative Investigation of Sudanophilic Lesions around the Aortic Ostia of Human Fetuses, Newborn and Children

Sinzinger¹,

Silberbauer²,

Auerswald³

1980

J Vasc Res

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“…Yet Stary [45] reported lipophages in coronary lesions of 45% of infants up to 8 months, this being his criterion for initiation of atherosclerosis [37]. In a study of the aorta and main branches of 50 fetuses and 50 neonates and infants, lipid deposits were found in 75% of the fetal ostia and in 85% in neonates and infants [46]. Fatty streaks were present in at least 10% of fetuses and Holman et al found lipid streaks in the aortas of all children by 3 years of age [47].…”

Section: Proliferative Lesionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relevance of Hypercholesterolemia to Fetal and Pediatric Atherosclerosis

Stehbens

2002

Pediatric Pathology & Molecular Medicine

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Ubiquitous atherosclerotic changes in fetal and pediatric subjects demonstrate the fundamental importance of repetitive hemodynamic stresses and cannot be explained on the basis of the hypercholesterolemic/lipid hypothesis because serum cholesterol levels at this age lie within allegedly "desirable blood levels." This fact, inconsistent with the lipid hypothesis, renders absurd the widespread dietary restriction of cholesterol and animal fats as prevention of atherosclerosis. Iatrogenic effects of atherosclerosis in humans and its experimental production in herbivores at serum cholesterol levels below infant levels strongly support the "vascular fatige" concept and negate the lipid hypothesis. Neither is atherosclerosis a manifestation of senescence because age is merely a time factor indicating the duration of exposure to hemodynamic stresses that are variable with time and location.

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“…Atherosclerosis is a silent, chronic, progressive, multifocal metabolic disease of the arterial wall that is initiated as early as childhood [1]. Atherosclerosis-based cardiovascular events are the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular imaging of atherosclerotic lesions by positron emission tomography - can it meet the expectations?

Brammen

Steiner

Berent³

et al. 2016

Vasa

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Summary:Early non-invasive imaging of atherosclerosis and in particular the detection of lesions at risk with high specifi city could significantly affect cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Conventional nuclear medicine approaches, in particular using autologous radiolabeled lipoproteins, can be related to histopathological fi ndings; however, they fail to identify lesions at risk. Positron emission tomography (PET) tracers with much better physical properties have been examined, the most detailed information being available for F-18-deoxyglucose (FDG) and F-18-sodium fl uoride (NaF). These two approaches are sensitive to different biochemical mechanisms, i.e. infl ammation and microcalcifi cation. Initial enthusiasm, in particular for F-18-FDG, has disappeared, although for F-18-NaF there is some hope, but this is not a breakthrough. No tracer is available so far that is able to identify a specifi c characteristic of a lesion prone to rupture. Other PET tracers in the pipeline have been examined, mainly in experimental models and only a few in patients, but they failed to contribute signifi cantly to early lesion discovery and do not support great expectations. The key question is: Do we understand what we see? Moreover, methodological problems, a lack of standardization of imaging protocols and aspects of quantifi cation provide a wide range for potential future improvements. While monitoring a therapeutic intervention seems to be possible for both F-18-FDG and F-18-NaF, highly specifi c early identifi cation of lesions at risk by PET imaging is still far away. As of today, PET is not ready for routine clinical judgment of atherosclerotic lesions at risk to rupture. Even if all these problems can be solved, radiation exposure will still remain a concern, in particular for repeated studies.

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Intimal Alterations of the Aorta and the Great Arteries of Newborn and Children

Cited by 10 publications

References 5 publications

Quantitative Investigation of Sudanophilic Lesions around the Aortic Ostia of Human Fetuses, Newborn and Children

Quantitative Investigation of Sudanophilic Lesions around the Aortic Ostia of Human Fetuses, Newborn and Children

Relevance of Hypercholesterolemia to Fetal and Pediatric Atherosclerosis

Molecular imaging of atherosclerotic lesions by positron emission tomography - can it meet the expectations?

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