Intestinal tryptophan metabolism in disease prevention and swine production

Hu, Zhenguo; Feng, Luya; Jiang, Qian; Wang, Wenliang; Tan, Bi'e; Tang, Xiongzhuo; Yin, Yulong

doi:10.1016/j.aninu.2023.08.002

Cited by 8 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 173 publications

(202 reference statements)

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“…But it should be noted that SCFAs are commonly associated with better host redox status and inflammation levels [55]; therefore, this finding suggests that the beneficial effects of MA might be independent of the decreased SCFAs. In addition, methylamines generated from choline and indoles derived from dietary tryptophan metabolism were also important gut microbial metabolites to modulate hostmicrobe interactions [56,57]. As a tryptophan metabolite, indoleacrylic acid has been proven to have the function of suppressing inflammation and promoting gut health [58], and was significantly upregulated in the MA group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Malic Acid May Ameliorate Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Sows through Modulating Gut Microbiota and Host Metabolic Profiles during Late Pregnancy

Chen,

Zhao,

et al. 2024

Antioxidants

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Sows suffer oxidative stress and inflammation induced by metabolic burden during late pregnancy, which negatively regulates reproductive and lactating performances. We previously found that L-malic acid (MA) alleviated oxidative stress and inflammation and improved reproductive performances in sows. However, the mechanism underlying the MA’s positive effects remains unexplored. Here, twenty Large White × Landrace sows with similar parity were randomly divided into two groups and fed with a basal diet or a diet supplemented with 2% L-malic acid complex from day 85 of gestation to delivery. The gut microbiome, fecal short-chain fatty acids, and untargeted serum metabolome were determined. Results showed that Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, and Spirochaetota were the top abundant phyla identified in late pregnancy for sows. Maternal MA supplementation modulated the composition but not the richness and diversity of gut microbiota during late pregnancy. Correlation analysis between gut microbiota and antioxidant capacity (or inflammation indicators) revealed that unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae, unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae, UCG-002, norank_f_norank_o_RF3, and Lactobacillus might play a role in anti-oxidation, and Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group, Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136_group, UCG-002, unclassified_f_Ruminococcaceae, Candidatus_Soleaferrea, norank_f_UCG-010, norank_f_norank_o_RF39, and unclassified_f_Lachnospiraceae might be involved in the anti-inflammatory effect. The improved antioxidant and inflammation status induced by MA might be independent of short chain fatty acid changes. In addition, untargeted metabolomics analysis exhibited different metabolic landscapes of sows in the MA group from in the control group and revealed the contribution of modified amino acid and lipid metabolism to the improved antioxidant capacity and inflammation status. Notably, correlation results of gut microbiota and serum metabolites, as well as serum metabolites and antioxidant capacity (or inflammation indicators), demonstrated that differential metabolism was highly related to the fecal microorganisms and antioxidant or inflammation indicators. Collectively, these data demonstrated that a maternal dietary supply of MA can ameliorate oxidative stress and inflammation in sows through modulating gut microbiota and host metabolic profiles during late pregnancy.

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