Intestinal Spirochetosis: An Enigmatic Disease

Anthony, Nicholas; Blackwell, James; Ahrens, William A.; Lovell, R. D.; Scobey, Martin

doi:10.1007/s10620-012-2305-2

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Members of the genus Borrelia , namely Borrelia burgdorferi s and Borrelia recurrentis , are important human pathogens that cause Lyme disease and relapsing fever, respectively (Dworkin et al, 2008; Nau et al, 2009; Cutler, 2010). Leptospira and Brachyspira , are members of the families Leptospiraceae and Brachyspiraceae , and causative agents of the diseases leptospirosis and intestinal spirochaetosis, respectively (Adler and de la Peña Moctezuma, 2010; Anthony et al, 2013; Euzéby, 2013). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A phylogenomic and molecular signature based approach for characterization of the phylum Spirochaetes and its major clades: proposal for a taxonomic revision of the phylum

Gupta¹,

Mahmood²,

Adeolu³

2013

Front. Microbiol.

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The Spirochaetes species cause many important diseases including syphilis and Lyme disease. Except for their containing a distinctive endoflagella, no other molecular or biochemical characteristics are presently known that are specific for either all Spirochaetes or its different families. We report detailed comparative and phylogenomic analyses of protein sequences from Spirochaetes genomes to understand their evolutionary relationships and to identify molecular signatures for this group. These studies have identified 38 conserved signature indels (CSIs) that are specific for either all members of the phylum Spirochaetes or its different main clades. Of these CSIs, a 3 aa insert in the FlgC protein is uniquely shared by all sequenced Spirochaetes providing a molecular marker for this phylum. Seven, six, and five CSIs in different proteins are specific for members of the families Spirochaetaceae, Brachyspiraceae, and Leptospiraceae, respectively. Of the 19 other identified CSIs, 3 are uniquely shared by members of the genera Sphaerochaeta, Spirochaeta, and Treponema, whereas 16 others are specific for the genus Borrelia. A monophyletic grouping of the genera Sphaerochaeta, Spirochaeta, and Treponema distinct from the genus Borrelia is also strongly supported by phylogenetic trees based upon concatenated sequences of 22 conserved proteins. The molecular markers described here provide novel and more definitive means for identification and demarcation of different main groups of Spirochaetes. To accommodate the extensive genetic diversity of the Spirochaetes as revealed by different CSIs and phylogenetic analyses, it is proposed that the four families of this phylum should be elevated to the order level taxonomic ranks (viz. Spirochaetales, Brevinematales ord. nov., Brachyspiriales ord. nov., and Leptospiriales ord. nov.). It is further proposed that the genera Borrelia and Cristispira be transferred to a new family Borreliaceae fam. nov. within the order Spirochaetales.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A phylogenomic and molecular signature based approach for characterization of the phylum Spirochaetes and its major clades: proposal for a taxonomic revision of the phylum

Gupta¹,

Mahmood²,

Adeolu³

2013

Front. Microbiol.

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“…On the other hand, while spirochetes are well-known causative pathogens of watery diarrhea in veterinary medicine [2], there are conflicting reports [3,4] as to whether human intestinal spirochetosis (HIS), which is mostly caused by Brachyspira aalborgi (B. aalborgi) or B. pilosicoli, is associated with symptoms of chronic diarrhea or irritable bowel syndrome. It is also reported that HIS may be responsible for colonic adenomas or hyperplastic polyps (HPs) [5], while its association with neoplasms remains largely unclear [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human intestinal spirochetosis is significantly associated with sessile serrated adenomas/polyps

Omori

Mabe

Hatanaka

et al. 2014

Pathology - Research and Practice

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Aims: It remains unclear whether or not human intestinal spirochetosis (HIS) has any associated symptoms or lesions. In this study, we assessed the prevalence of HIS in sessile serrated adenomas/polyps (SSA/Ps) and their possible association.Methods: Following identification of early cecal cancer with SSA/P accompanied by a colonization of HIS, we went on to conduct a retrospective, case-control study, using endoscopically resected SSA/P specimens to examine the frequency of HIS infection in SSA/Ps.Results: Nineteen SSA/P cases and 172 controls were obtained. The rate of HIS infection was significantly higher at 52.6% (10/19) in the SSA/P cases compared to the controls at 8.1% (14/172). Conclusions:Our SSA/P series were associated with a remarkably higher rate of HIS than controls or than previously reported. This is the first report to provide evidence for potential association between HIS and SSA/Ps.

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“…2 3 The significance of this finding and its role in human disease has been debated in the literature and generally colonic spirochaetosis (CS) is considered to be a commensal organism of no clinical or pathological significance 2 4…”

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confidence: 99%

Unique pathology of colonic spirochaetosis characterised by mucosal eosinophilia is linked to diarrhoea and IBS

Goodsall

Talley

Rassam

et al. 2016

Gut

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Intestinal Spirochetosis: An Enigmatic Disease

Cited by 25 publications

References 26 publications

A phylogenomic and molecular signature based approach for characterization of the phylum Spirochaetes and its major clades: proposal for a taxonomic revision of the phylum

A phylogenomic and molecular signature based approach for characterization of the phylum Spirochaetes and its major clades: proposal for a taxonomic revision of the phylum

Human intestinal spirochetosis is significantly associated with sessile serrated adenomas/polyps

Unique pathology of colonic spirochaetosis characterised by mucosal eosinophilia is linked to diarrhoea and IBS

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