Intestinal schistosomiasis: Can a urine sample decide the infection?

Diab, Radwa G.; Tolba, Mona Mohamed; Ghazala, Rasha Abdelmawla; Abu-Sheasha, Ghada Ahmed; Webster, Bonnie L.; Mady, Rasha Fadly

doi:10.1016/j.parint.2020.102201

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Moreover, endoscopic imaging, and macroscopic manifestations are not specific for chronic intestinal schistosomiasis. Some authors note that using a single urine sample could be very sensitive and highly specific in the diagnosis of intestinal schistosomiasis, using either the trace negative model of point of contact assay or conventional PCR, when compared with fecal egg detection using duplicate Kato-Katz fecal egg detection [44]. However, using a single tool restricts the management of the disease in areas of low endemicity [44].…”

Section: Intestinal Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some authors note that using a single urine sample could be very sensitive and highly specific in the diagnosis of intestinal schistosomiasis, using either the trace negative model of point of contact assay or conventional PCR, when compared with fecal egg detection using duplicate Kato-Katz fecal egg detection [ 44 ]. However, using a single tool restricts the management of the disease in areas of low endemicity [ 44 ]. Correct diagnosis relies on increased awareness of this disease and rigorous search for parasitic eggs in tissue, particularly in patients from endemic areas who are suspected to have inflammatory bowel disease.…”

Section: Intestinal Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical Spectrum of Schistosomiasis: An Update

Carbonell

Rodríguez‐Alonso

López-Bernús

et al. 2021

JCM

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Schistosomiasis is a helminthic infection and one of the neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). It is caused by blood flukes of the genus Schistosoma. It is an important public health problem, particularly in poverty-stricken areas, especially those within the tropics and subtropics. It is estimated that at least 236 million people worldwide are infected, 90% of them in sub-Saharan Africa, and that this disease causes approximately 300,000 deaths annually. The clinical manifestations are varied and affect practically all organs. There are substantial differences in the clinical presentation, depending on the phase and clinical form of schistosomiasis in which it occurs. Schistosomiasis can remain undiagnosed for a long period of time, with secondary clinical lesion. Here, we review the clinical profile of schistosomiasis. This information may aid in the development of more efficacious treatments and improved disease prognosis.

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Section: Intestinal Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Intestinal Schistosomiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical Spectrum of Schistosomiasis: An Update

Carbonell

Rodríguez‐Alonso

López-Bernús

et al. 2021

JCM

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“…These POC-ECO quality assurance and quality control issues reinforce previous concerns with Schisto POC-CCA ® from Rapid Medical Diagnostics (POC-CCA) both in freshly-collected 4,26 and stored urine 3,5 . Moreover, results from earlier studies based on a discontinued version of POC-CCA requiring one drop of urine and one drop of buffer [16][17][18][27][28][29][30][31][32] may not be comparable with those based on the new version of POC-CCA requiring two drops of urine and no buffer 3,4,24,33-35 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Reliability of point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen assay for diagnosing schistosomiasis mansoni in urine samples from an endemic area of Brazil after one year of storage at -20 degrees Celsius

Favre

Beck

Bezerra

et al. 2022

Rev. Soc. Bras. Med. Trop.

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Background:The World Health Organization recommends reliable point-of-care (POC) diagnostic testing to eliminate schistosomiasis. Lateral flow immunoassay that detects schistosome circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) in urine to establish prevalence thresholds for intervention in endemic areas is recommended. Stored urine may be useful if surveying at-risk populations is delayed or interrupted by unforeseen circumstances, such as the current COVID-19 pandemic. This study evaluated the manufacturer's claim that Schistosoma mansoni infection can be reliably diagnosed in urine samples stored at -20°C for one year.Methods: Two-hundred-forty-two subjects from an endemic site in Brazil provided one urine sample each for testing with URINE CCA (SCHISTO) ECO TESTE® (POC-ECO) and one stool sample each for testing with Kato-Katz (KK) and Helmintex® (HTX) as a robust reference standard for infection status. At least 2 ml of urine from each participant was stored at -20°C; after one year, 76 samples were randomly selected for POC-ECO retesting. Results:The POC-ECO agreement between freshly collected and stored urine was inadequate considering trace results as positive (Cohen's kappa coefficient κ = 0.08) and negative (κ = 0.36). POC-ECO accuracy was not significantly greater than that of routine KK (54%; 95% confidence interval: 42.1%-65.5%). Conclusions:The precision and accuracy of POC-ECO have to be optimized in both freshly collected and stored urine before it can be recommended for use in control programs in Brazil.

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“…The PCR technique has many assets and drawbacks ( Table 3 ) to be used in specialized laboratories in non-endemic areas. Indeed, the main drawback is related to the cost of this technique and this equipment and the main advantages are the possibility to perform a single sampling [ 19 , 57 ], the robustness of the result even if the volume of urine is low and/or preanalytical conditions are not optimized that this was shown in the current study, the reliability and the ability to detect co-infections ( Fig 3 ), [ 19 ] and the possibility to detect low circulating urine DNA load ( Figs 4 and 5 ) [ 58 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Molecular approach to the epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis in France

et al. 2021

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Background The diagnosis of urogenital schistosomiasis is based on the complementarity of serological technique and microscopic examination (ME). Between 2015 and 2019, the number of urinary schistosomiasis tests received in our laboratory increased sharply from 300 to 900 per year. Therefore, we wanted to evaluate the reliability of urine microscopic examination (ME, reference and routine technique) from urine sample by comparing it to other techniques (antigenic technique and PCR). To this end, we optimized two real-time PCRs targeting respectively Schistosoma haematobium (Sh) and Schistosoma mansoni (Sm). Methodology/Principal findings 914 urine samples from 846 patients suspected of urogenital schistosomiasis were prescribed and analyzed by PCR and also by antigenic technique for the first 143 samples. The antigenic technique evaluated was Schisto POC-CCA, Rapid Medical Diagnostics. These results (antigenic technique and PCR) were compared to ME which was performed from all urines. The percentage of 14% (128/914) positive cases with the PCR technique and the percentage of 6.0% (54/914) positive cases with ME is significantly different (Chi 2 test, p<0.001). These 128 positive PCRs correspond to 120 different patients, 88.3% (106/120) of them were young migrants and 11.7% (14/120) were French patients returning from travel. Among these migrants, more than 75% (80/106) came from French-speaking West Africa. In addition, the Schisto POC-CCA showed a specificity of 39% (46/117), too poor to be used as a screening tool in low or non-endemic areas. Conclusion/Significance Targeted Sh and Sm PCRs in urine are reliable techniques compared to ME (reference technique). In view of our results, we decided to screen urinary schistosomiasis by direct ME always coupled by the PCR technique, which has shown better reliability criteria.

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Intestinal schistosomiasis: Can a urine sample decide the infection?

Cited by 6 publications

References 49 publications

Clinical Spectrum of Schistosomiasis: An Update

Clinical Spectrum of Schistosomiasis: An Update

Reliability of point-of-care circulating cathodic antigen assay for diagnosing schistosomiasis mansoni in urine samples from an endemic area of Brazil after one year of storage at -20 degrees Celsius

Molecular approach to the epidemiology of urinary schistosomiasis in France

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