Intestinal Protozoa

Farthing, M. J. G.; Cevallos, Ana Marı́a; Kelly, Paul A.

doi:10.1016/b978-1-4160-4470-3.50083-5

Cited by 11 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 110 publications

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“…[33]. In our study, the prevalence of G. lamblia was 7.1%, which is inconsistent with reports on prevalence (2-5%) of the parasite in developing countries [34,35].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Magnitude of Enteropathogens and Associated Factors Among Apparently Health Food Handlers at Wolkite University Student’s Cafeteria, Wolkite, Southern Ethiopia

Bafa

Muktar

Haile

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Objective : The study aimed to assess enteropathogens carriage rate and risk factors among apparently healthy food handlers at Wolkite University cafeteria, Southern Ethiopia. Results : Cross-sectional study was conducted among 170 food handlers to collect socio-demographic and related data by using structured questionnaires. Stool samples were collected and subjected to microscopic examination and cultured to determine intestinal parasites. Among the total study participants, 66% of them were found to be carriers of enteropathogens: bacteria ( Salmonella typhi , Shigella species), and intestinal parasites ( Ascaris lumbricoides , Taenia species, Giardia lamblia , Entameoba histolytica/dispar , Enterobius vermicularis , Hook worm and Trichuris trichiura) . All Salmonella and Shigella isolates were sensitive to ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin. A significant association was found between hand washing practice before food preparation and isolated pathogens [p = 0.013]. A significant proportion of food handlers were found to be carriers of pathogens which require a periodic screening and antibiotic therapy monitoring. Keywords : Food handlers, Intestinal parasites, Salmonella, Shigella

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“…[33]. In our study, the prevalence of G. lamblia was 7.1%, which is inconsistent with reports on prevalence (2-5%) of the parasite in developing countries [34,35].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Magnitude of Enteropathogens and Associated Factors Among Apparently Health Food Handlers at Wolkite University Student’s Cafeteria, Wolkite, Southern Ethiopia

Bafa

Muktar

Haile

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Relatively similar finding was reported from study conducted in Ethiopia (18.11%) [22,26] and Jordan [27]. The prevalence of G. lamblia (7.1%) is inconsistent with reports on prevalence (2-5%) of the parasite in developing countries [28,29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 59%

Magnitude of Enteropathogens and Associated Factors Among Apparently Health Food Handlers at Wolkite University Student’s Cafeteria, Wolkite, South Ethiopia

Bafa

Muktar

Haile

2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives: The study aimed to assess enteropathogens carriage rate, and risk factors among apparently healthy food handlers at Wolkite University cafeteria, South Ethiopia. Results: Cross-sectional study was conducted among 170 food handlers to collect socio-demographic and related data by using structured questionnaires. Stool samples were collected and subjected to microscopic examination and cultured to determine intestinal parasites. Among the total study participants, 66% of them were found to be carriers of enteropathogens: bacteria (Salmonella typhi, Shigella species), and intestinal parasites (Ascaris lumbricoides,Taenia species, Giardia lamblia, Entameoba histolytica/dispar, Enterobius vermicularis, Hook worm and Trichuris trichiura. All Salmonella and Shigella isolates were sensitive to ceftriaxone, ciprofloxacin, and gentamicin. Age, job description, non medical checkup and hand washing practice before food preparation have a significant association with eneropathogens. Significant proportion of food handlers was found to be carriers of pathogens which require a periodic screening and antibiotic consumption monitoring. Keywords: Food handlers, Intestinal parasites, Salmonella, Shigella

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“…Whereas, no specific association was demonstrated in the HAART group. This may be due to the fact that opportunistic parasites are known to resolve spontaneously with immune restoration among HIV/AIDS patients on HAART [ 5 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…With impaired immunity especially in patients with CD4+ T cell counts < 200 cells/mm 3 , infections with opportunistic intestinal parasites result in diarrheal symptoms. With the introduction of HAART which partially restores the immune function, the incidence of opportunistic parasite infection such as cryptosporidiosis has declined [ 5 – 8 ]. Anemia, which can be mild, moderate or severe, is one of the several complications associated with intestinal parasitic infections.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intestinal Parasitosis in Relation to CD4+T Cells Levels and Anemia among HAART Initiated and HAART Naive Pediatric HIV Patients in a Model ART Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

2015

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BackgroundIntestinal parasites (IPs) are major concerns in most developing countries where HIV/AIDS cases are concentrated and almost 80% of AIDS patients die of AIDS-related infections. In the absence of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), HIV/AIDS patients in developing countries unfortunately continue to suffer from the consequences of opportunistic and other intestinal parasites. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in relation to CD4+ T cells levels and anemia among HAART initiated and HAART naïve pediatric HIV patients in a Model ART center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.MethodsA prospective comparative cross-sectional study was conducted among HAART initiated and HAART naive pediatric HIV/AIDS patients attending a model ART center at Zewditu Memorial Hospital between August 05, 2013 and November 25, 2013. A total of 180 (79 HAART initiated and 101 HAART naïve) children were included by using consecutive sampling. Stool specimen was collected and processed using direct wet mount, formol-ether concentration and modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining techniques. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-demographic and associated risk factors. CD4+ T cells and complete blood counts were performed using BD FACScalibur and Cell-Dyn 1800, respectively. The data was analyzed by SPSS version 16 software. Logistic regressions were applied to assess any association between explanatory factors and outcome variables. P values < 0.05 were taken as statistically significant.ResultsThe overall prevalence of IPs was 37.8% where 27.8% of HAART initiated and 45.5% of HAART naive pediatric HIV/AIDS patients were infected (p < 0.05). Cryptosporidium species, E. histolytica/dispar, Hook worm and Taenia species were IPs associated with CD4+ T cell counts <350 cells/μμL in HAART naive patients. The overall prevalence of anemia was 10% in HAART and 31.7% in non-HAART groups. Hook worm, S. stercoralis and H. nana were helminthes significantly associated with anemia in non-HAART patients [AOR, 95% CI: 4.5(1.3, 15.2), P< 0.05]. The prevalence of IPs in non-HAART patients was significantly associated with eating unwashed/raw fruit [AOR, 95%CI: 6.3(1.2, 25.6), P<0.05], open field defecation [AOR, 95%CI: 9.3(1.6, 53.6), P<0.05] and diarrhea [AOR, 95%CI: 5.2(1.3, 21.3), P<0.05]. IPs significantly increased in rural residents [AOR, 95%CI: 0.4(0.1, 0.9, P<0.05)].ConclusionThe overall prevalence of intestinal parasites significantly differed by HAART status and cryptosporidium species were found only in HAART naïve patients with low CD4+ T cell counts. Anemia was also more prevalent and significantly associated with IPs in non-HAART patients. This study identified some environmental and associated risk factors for intestinal parasitic infections. Therefore, Public health measures should continue to emphasize the importance of environmental and personal hygiene to protect HIV/AIDS patients from infections with intestinal parasites and maximize the benefits of HAART.

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Intestinal Protozoa

Cited by 11 publications

References 110 publications

Magnitude of Enteropathogens and Associated Factors Among Apparently Health Food Handlers at Wolkite University Student’s Cafeteria, Wolkite, Southern Ethiopia

Magnitude of Enteropathogens and Associated Factors Among Apparently Health Food Handlers at Wolkite University Student’s Cafeteria, Wolkite, Southern Ethiopia

Magnitude of Enteropathogens and Associated Factors Among Apparently Health Food Handlers at Wolkite University Student’s Cafeteria, Wolkite, South Ethiopia

Intestinal Parasitosis in Relation to CD4+T Cells Levels and Anemia among HAART Initiated and HAART Naive Pediatric HIV Patients in a Model ART Center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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