Intestinal Protein and LPH Synthesis in Parenterally Fed Piglets Receiving Partial Enteral Nutrition and Enteral Insulinlike Growth Factor 1

Abstract

BackgroundProviding partial enteral nutrition (PEN) supplemented with insulinlike growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1) to parenterally fed piglets increases lactase–phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) activity, but not LPH mRNA. The current aim was to investigate potential mechanisms by which IGF‐1 up‐regulates LPH activity.MethodsNewborn piglets (n = 15) received 100% parenteral nutrition (TPN), 80% parenteral nutrition + 20% parenteral nutrition (PEN), or PEN + IGF‐1 (1.0 mg · kg−1 · d−1) for 7 days. On day 7, [2H3]‐leucine was intravenously administered to measure mucosal protein and brush border LPH (BB LPH) synthesis.ResultsWeight gain, nutrient intake, and jejunal weight and length were similar among the treatment groups. Partial enteral nutrition alone increased mucosal weight, villus width and cross‐sectional area, LPH activity, mRNA expression, and high mannose LPH precursor (proLPHh) abundance compared with TPN (P <0.05). Insulinlike growth factor‐1 further increased mucosal weight, LPH activity, and LPH activity per unit BB LPH approximately twofold over PEN alone (P < 0.05) but did not affect LPH mRNA or the abundance of proLPHh (one of the LPH isoforms) or mature LPH. Isotopic enrichment of [2H3]‐leucine in plasma, mucosal protein, and LPH precursors, and the fractional and absolute synthesis rates of mucosal protein and LPH were similar among the treatment groups. Insulinlike growth factor‐1 treatment increased total mucosal protein synthesis (60%, P < 0.05) but not LPH synthesis compared with the other two groups.ConclusionsBecause IGF‐1 did not affect the fractional synthesis rate of either mucosal protein or LPH, the authors suggest that enteral IGF‐1 increases mucosal protein mass and LPH activity by suppressing mucosal proteolytic degradation.