Intestinal permeability and gene expression after polyethylene and polyamide microplastic ingestion in Wistar rats

Toto, Benuarda; Refosco, Alice; O’Keeffe, Maria; Barkhald, Øyvind Halås; Brønstad, Aurora; Lied, Gülen Arslan; Yadetie, Fekadu; Goksøyr, Anders; Kögel, Tanja; Dierkes, Jutta

doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2022.09.002

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our findings reveal that PE-MP exposure, in both the 3.75 and 15 mg/kg PE-MPtreated groups, significantly upregulated MLCK, downregulated occluding and ZO-1 mRNA, and decreased immunoreactivity of claudin-1. In contrast to the above results, Toto et al (2022) [41] demonstrated substantially elevated mRNA levels of occludin and concentration of the ZO-1 protein in the duodenum of groups receiving PE-MP. Liang et al's (2021) [42] results were also different; they reported that PS50 and PS500 did not change tight junction protein mRNA expression in the jejunum, while when PS500, as well as PS50, were administrated as a mixture, most of the tight junction protein mRNA expression increased in the jejunum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

“…However, studies on PE-MP toxicological impact on the function of intestinal barriers are limited. Sun et al (2021) [34] and Toto et al (2022) [41] both investigated the effects of oral PE-MP on the intestinal barrier. However, PE exposure in both studies differed from that in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, PE exposure in both studies differed from that in the current study. Sun et al (2021) [34] used MP with a size of 1-10 µm applied by oral gavage at a dose of 0.2 µg/g/day, while Toto et al (2022) [41] used MP of 15-48 µm size in feed at a dose of 25 mg/day through 25 g feed. This is in contrast to our study, as we used MP with a size of 4-6 µm applied by oral gavage at a dose of 3.75 mg/kg/day (low-dose group) or 15 mg/kg/day ((high-dose group).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Melatonin Alleviates Intestinal Barrier Damaging Effects Induced by Polyethylene Microplastics in Albino Rats

El Gazzar,

Sliem,

Bayoumi

et al. 2023

IJMS

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There have been concerns about the potential health risks posed by microplastics (MP). The detection of MP in a variety of food products revealed that humans are ingesting MP. Nevertheless, there is a paucity of data about their impacts, as well as their uptake, on intestinal barrier integrity. This study examined the toxic effects of oral administration of two doses of polyethylene microplastics (PE-MP) (3.75 or 15 mg/kg/day for 5 weeks; mean particle size: 4.0–6.0 µm) on the intestinal barrier integrity in rats. Moreover, the effect of melatonin treatment with MP exposure was also assessed. The PE-MP particle uptake, histopathological changes, Alcian blue staining, Muc2 mRNA, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-1β and TNF-α), and cleaved caspase-3, as well as tight junction proteins (claudin-1, myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK), occludin, and zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1)) were assessed. Oral administration of PE-MP resulted in apparent jejunal histopathological alterations; significantly decreased mucin secretion, occludin, ZO-1, and claudin-1 expression; and significantly upregulated MLCK mRNA, IL-1β concentration, and cleaved caspase-3 expression. Melatonin reversed these altered parameters and improved the PE-MP-induced histopathological and ultrastructure changes. This study highlighted the PE-MP’s toxic effect on intestinal barrier integrity and revealed the protective effect of melatonin.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Melatonin Alleviates Intestinal Barrier Damaging Effects Induced by Polyethylene Microplastics in Albino Rats

El Gazzar,

Sliem,

Bayoumi

et al. 2023

IJMS

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“…Fresh feces were collected directly from the colon as described, avoiding any contamination of the feces by MP from the cage or fur. The results of the rat exposure effect study were published recently [ 61 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficient extraction of small microplastic particles from rat feed and feces for quantification

Toto¹,

Refosco²,

Dierkes

et al. 2023

Heliyon

Self Cite

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“…In a range of studies, microplastic-induced gut dysbiosis modified differentially expressed genes and metabolites which translated to altered Kyoto Encylopedia of Genes and Genome (KEGG) pathways involved in lipid, nucleic acid, and hormone metabolism, protein secretion, neurotoxicity, inflammation, aging, metabolic disease, and cancer [41][42][43][44]48,50]. Increased intestinal permeability is another functional change associated with microbial dysbiosis secondary to microplastic exposure [33,44,45,51,52]. In two different mouse models of peripheral disease (vascular calcification and kidney disease), both microplastic-induced intestinal permeabilisation and dysbiosis caused higher serum levels of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-a pathogen associated molecular pattern (PAMP) derived from enteric bacteria which drives systemic inflammation [33,53].…”

Section: The Gut Microbiomementioning

confidence: 99%

Mind over Microplastics: Exploring Microplastic-Induced Gut Disruption and Gut-Brain-Axis Consequences

Sofield,

Anderton,

Gorecki

2024

CIMB

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As environmental plastic waste degrades, it creates an abundance of diverse microplastic particles. Consequently, microplastics contaminate drinking water and many staple food products, meaning the oral ingestion of microplastics is an important exposure route for the human population. Microplastics have long been considered inert, however their ability to promote microbial dysbiosis as well as gut inflammation and dysfunction suggests they are more noxious than first thought. More alarmingly, there is evidence for microplastics permeating from the gut throughout the body, with adverse effects on the immune and nervous systems. Coupled with the now-accepted role of the gut-brain axis in neurodegeneration, these findings support the hypothesis that this ubiquitous environmental pollutant is contributing to the rising incidence of neurodegenerative diseases, like Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease. This comprehensive narrative review explores the consequences of oral microplastic exposure on the gut-brain-axis by considering current evidence for gastrointestinal uptake and disruption, immune activation, translocation throughout the body, and neurological effects. As microplastics are now a permanent feature of the global environment, understanding their effects on the gut, brain, and whole body will facilitate critical further research and inform policy changes aimed at reducing any adverse consequences.

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Intestinal permeability and gene expression after polyethylene and polyamide microplastic ingestion in Wistar rats

Cited by 13 publications

References 34 publications

Melatonin Alleviates Intestinal Barrier Damaging Effects Induced by Polyethylene Microplastics in Albino Rats

Melatonin Alleviates Intestinal Barrier Damaging Effects Induced by Polyethylene Microplastics in Albino Rats

Efficient extraction of small microplastic particles from rat feed and feces for quantification

Mind over Microplastics: Exploring Microplastic-Induced Gut Disruption and Gut-Brain-Axis Consequences

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