Intestinal parasitosis in relation to CD4 count and anemia among ART initiated patients in St. Mary Aksum general hospital, Tigray, Ethiopia

Abstract

Background The geographical distribution of intestinal parasites with conditions of poverty in most countries of sub-Saharan Africa coincides with that of HIV/AIDS. However, there is paucity of studies investigating the relationship between intestinal parasitic infections with CD4 counts and anemia in HIV/AIDS patients starting Antiretroviral Therapy (ART) in this region particularly and in Ethiopia in general. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in relation to CD4 count and anemia among ART-initiated patients in St. Mary Aksum General Hospital, Tigray, Ethiopia. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among randomly selected 242 ART-initiated participants during February to April 2017 in St. Mary Aksum General hospital. Data was collected using structured questionnaire and laboratory examination. Logistic regression was applied to assess any association between explanatory factors and outcome variables ( P values < 0.05). Result The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites was 26.4% and among the six types of parasitic genera identified Entamoeba histolytica/dispar (18.6%) and Giardia lamblia (2.1 % ) were the leading. According to the multivariate analysis, lack of hand washing before meal, eating uncooked vegetables, history of taking anti-parasite medication, stool consistency, and anemia were strongly associated with intestinal parasitosis. Conclusion There was a high prevalence of intestinal parasites among HIV positive individuals. Intervention measures such as deworming, improving hygiene and sanitation practices should be strengthened to reduce the burden of intestinal parasites among people living with HIV. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12879-019-3989-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Intestinal parasitic infections among HIV infected patients on antiretroviral therapy attending Debretabor General Hospital, Northern Ethiopia: a cross-sectional study

“…The overall prevalence of intestinal parasites among HIV/AIDS patients in this study was found to be 25.3% which is comparable with reports from Axum 26.4%, 17 Gondar, Ethiopia 24.3%, 18 Mozambique 26.5% 19 and Brazil 24%. 20 However, it was found to be higher than ndings reported from Kombolcha, Dessie, Gondar and Kobo regions of Ethiopia, and Benin and Makurdi regions of Nigeria 13.9%, 17.6%, 20%, 16%, 18%, 20.9% respectively.…”

Intestinal parasitic infections and associated factors among people living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Furthermore, the absence of publication bias was evidenced using Egger's test statistics with a p-value of 0.064. Finally, the association between diarrhea and intestinal parasitic infections among HIV/ AIDS patients within the included three studies has been examined and computed [16,19,32]. The pooled results of this study showed that HIV/AIDS patients who had a history of diarrhea were statistically significant as compared to their counterparts (AOR: 4.79 (95%CI: 1.53, 14.99)) ( Fig 6).…”

“…In this study, 22 cross-sectional articles were reported from one city administration and six regions of Ethiopia. Eight studies conducted in Amhara regional state [4,17,18,[30][31][32][33][34], six studies were done in Oromia regional state [28,[35][36][37][38][39], four studies conducted in South Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Regional state (SNNPR) [5,29,40,41], two articles reported from Tigray regional state [16,21], one study reported from Harari regional state [19] and one study was conducted in Oromia region, Afar region and Dire Dawa city administration [42] (Table 1).…”

“…In Africa, the magnitude of IPIs among HIV/AIDS patients was 57.48% in Cameroon [14], 24.7% in Nigeria [9], 65.3% in Burkina Faso [3], and 50.9% in Kenya [15]. Furthermore, in Ethiopia, intestinal parasitic infection among HIV/AIDS patients was 24.6% in Aksum [16], 29.1% in Gondar [17], 30.6% in Bahir Dar [18], and 33.79% in Harar [19].…”

National Burden of Intestinal Parasites and Its Determinants Among People Living with HIV/AIDS in Ethiopia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

“…All of the included studies were cross-sectional in their design. Eight (29.6%) of the studies included in this review were from the Oromia region [21][22][23][24][25][26][27], seven (25.9%) were from the Amhara regional state [6,9,[28][29][30][31][32], seven (25.9%) were from Southern Nations Nationalities and People's (SNNPs) regional state [33][34][35][36][37][38][39], Two(7.4%) studies were from Tigray regional state [26,40] and the remaining three (11.1%) were from Addis Ababa [41], Harar [42]and whole Ethiopia [43]. Reported burden of intestinal parasitosis ranged from 13.9% in Oromia [27]to 80.3% in Amhara regional state [9].…”