Intestinal parasitic infections in renal transplant recipients

Azami, Mehdi; Sharifi, Mehran; Hejazi, Seyed Hossein; Tazhibi, Mehdi

doi:10.1016/s1413-8670(10)70004-0

Cited by 35 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Post-transplant diarrhea is a common and distressing occurrence in patients, which can have significant deleterious effects on the clinical course and well-being of organ recipients. The true incidence of diarrhea in liver transplant recipients is unknown but possibly ranges from 10 to 43%—according to published studies in other solid organ and bone marrow transplantation (Azami et al 2010; Galván et al 2011; Agholi et al 2013). Our observations did not agree with these data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prevalence of Cryptosporidium, Blastocystis, and other opportunistic infections in patients with primary and acquired immunodeficiency

et al. 2018

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Intestinal opportunistic infections are often caused by unicellular parasites. Individuals with decreased immunity are particularly susceptible to infection by said microorganisms, and when they are infected, diarrhea can be the main clinical manifestation. However, intestinal parasites have rarely been taken into account in intestinal disorders. In our study, an investigation was conducted to determine the prevalence of intestinal micro-pathogens, such as Cryptosporidium, Giardia, Blastocystis, and microsporidia, in hospitalized patients with different immunological statuses. The study at hand indicates that protozoan parasitic infections are rare among immunodeficient patients in Poland. The overall prevalence of micro-pathogens among participants was 4.6%; it was three times higher in adults (12.5%) than in children (2.3%). Cryptosporidium and Cyclospora species (Apicomplexa) were diagnosed as the main cause of heavy diarrhea. Accordingly, adult patients were positive mainly for Blastocystis and microsporidia, while children were more often infected with the Cryptosporidium species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In general, gastrointestinal infections have been increasingly reported in this risk group. There are a few epidemiological studies carried out worldwide to examine the intestinal parasitic infections in liver or renal transplant recipients (Azami et al 2010; Batista et al 2011; Bednarska et al 2013, 2014; Krause et al 2012). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium, Blastocystis, and other opportunistic infections in patients with primary and acquired immunodeficiency

et al. 2018

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“…Cyclosporine has a parasiticidal effect and, after the improvement of new immunosuppressive drugs, there has been an increase in parasitic infections in renal transplant patients [12]. In a study from a developing country (Iran), the prevalence of parasitosis is 33% [13]. The prevalences are 10.6% Entamoeba coli , 7.4% Giardia lamblia , 4.7% Blastocystis spp., and 0.7% Ascaris lumbricoides [13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a renal transplanted patient

et al. 2013

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Patient: Male, 28Final Diagnosis: Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndromeSymptoms: Headache • pain around umblical region • seizures • visual disturbancesMedication: Mycophenolate mofetilClinical Procedure: Treatment of parasitosis • antiepileptic treatment • control of hypertension • changing mycophenolate mofetil to everolimusSpecialty: TransplantologyObjective:Unusual or unexpected effect of treatmentBackground:Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) is characterized by reversible neurological findings with clinical hallmarks such as headache, confusion, seizures, cortical visual disturbances, and other focal neurological signs.Case Report:A 28-year-old male patient was hospitalized secondary to diarrhea and abdominal pain. He had renal transplantation due to renal amyloidosis secondary to familial Mediterranean fever (FMF). In his clinical follow-up, he had seizures, hemiparesis, blurred vision, and vomited an Ascaris lumbricoides. MRI results led to diagnosis of PRES. Mycophenolate mofetil was changed to everolimus, his systolic blood was pressure kept below 140 mm hg, and his intestinal parasitosis was treated. During follow-up, he had no pain and no diarrhea. His neurological symptoms turned to normal within 48 hours and neuroradiological findings returned to normal within 2 weeks.Conclusions:PRES is a rare disorder of unknown incidence in renal transplantation patients. Early diagnosis is very important to prevent irreversible neurological sequelae. PRES is totally reversible with cessation of the offending agent, rapid control of hypertension, and treatment of the underlying disease. For early diagnosis and to reduce morbidity and mortality, stool sample examination should be made in patients taking immunosuppressive drugs.

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“…The prevalence and incidence of parasitic infections in transplant recipients are unknown since many patients are asymptomatic 9 10. However, published reports suggest that only 5% of infections are ascribed to human pathogenic parasites 9 10…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Giardia lamblia is the most common parasitic infection in transplanted patients1 11 and has previously been identified in renal,9 10 intestinal12 and bone marrow recipients,13 including children with bone marrow transplants 14…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Giardia lambliainfection after pancreas-kidney transplantation

et al. 2016

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Infection is a common complication of solid organ transplantation. It is associated with an increased risk of acute cellular rejection and loss of graft function. The most common infections are due to bacteria and viruses, including transmission of cytomegalovirus from donor to recipient. In the past years, an increasing number of parasitic infections have been documented in transplant recipients. We describe the first reported case of intestinal Giardia lamblia transmission following simultaneous pancreas and kidney transplantation.

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Intestinal parasitic infections in renal transplant recipients

Cited by 35 publications

References 9 publications

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium, Blastocystis, and other opportunistic infections in patients with primary and acquired immunodeficiency

Prevalence of Cryptosporidium, Blastocystis, and other opportunistic infections in patients with primary and acquired immunodeficiency

Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome in a renal transplanted patient

Giardia lambliainfection after pancreas-kidney transplantation

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