Intestinal Immunomodulatory Cells (T Lymphocytes): A Bridge between Gut Microbiota and Diabetes

Li, Qingwei; Gao, Zezheng; Han, Wei; Wu, Haoran; Yang, Yingying; Lin, Han Chieh; Wang, Xinmiao; Zhao, Linhua; Tong, Xiaolin

doi:10.1155/2018/9830939

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…These beneficial roles include aiding immune system maturation, production of shortchain fatty acids (SCFAs), vitamin synthesis, and providing a barrier against colonization with potential pathogens (2). Additionally, the gut microbiota have extensive interactions with our immune system, and they have been associated with many immunemediated diseases both in and outside the gut (3)(4)(5). Over the last 10 years, there has been increased interest in elucidating the bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiota and human health and disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota and Colonization Resistance against Bacterial Enteric Infection

Ducarmon

Zwittink

Hornung

et al. 2019

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

293

196

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SUMMARY The gut microbiome is critical in providing resistance against colonization by exogenous microorganisms. The mechanisms via which the gut microbiota provide colonization resistance (CR) have not been fully elucidated, but they include secretion of antimicrobial products, nutrient competition, support of gut barrier integrity, and bacteriophage deployment. However, bacterial enteric infections are an important cause of disease globally, indicating that microbiota-mediated CR can be disturbed and become ineffective. Changes in microbiota composition, and potential subsequent disruption of CR, can be caused by various drugs, such as antibiotics, proton pump inhibitors, antidiabetics, and antipsychotics, thereby providing opportunities for exogenous pathogens to colonize the gut and ultimately cause infection. In addition, the most prevalent bacterial enteropathogens, including Clostridioides difficile, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium, enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Campylobacter jejuni, Vibrio cholerae, Yersinia enterocolitica, and Listeria monocytogenes, can employ a wide array of mechanisms to overcome colonization resistance. This review aims to summarize current knowledge on how the gut microbiota can mediate colonization resistance against bacterial enteric infection and on how bacterial enteropathogens can overcome this resistance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut Microbiota and Colonization Resistance against Bacterial Enteric Infection

Ducarmon

Zwittink

Hornung

et al. 2019

Microbiol Mol Biol Rev

293

196

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…VA has been previously shown to affect the progress of acute colitis by inhibiting NF-κB activation [38]. The balance between pro-and anti-inflammatory mechanisms is affected by the commensal microbiota and bacterial spectrum [39,40]. Thus, these data demonstrate that VAD stimulates the inflammatory response, which activates the NF-κB pathway and increases the production of local proinflammatory cytokines, subsequently causing changes in intestinal microbiota.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 70%

Changes in Intestinal Microbiota Are Associated with Islet Function in a Mouse Model of Dietary Vitamin A Deficiency

Zhou

Tang

et al. 2020

Journal of Diabetes Research

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Aims. The underlying mechanisms involved in Vitamin A- (VA-) related changes in glucose metabolic disorders remain unclear. Recent evidence suggests that intestinal microbiota is closely linked to the metabolic syndrome. Here, we explored whether and how intestinal microbiota affects glucose homeostasis in VA-deficient diet-fed mice. Methods. Six-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly placed on either a VA-sufficient (VAS) or VA-deficient (VAD) diet for 10 weeks. Subsequently, a subclass of the VAD diet-fed mice was switched to a VA-deficient rescued (VADR) diet for an additional 8 weeks. The glucose metabolic phenotypes of the mice were assessed using glucose tolerance tests and immunohistochemistry staining. Changes in intestinal microbiota were assessed using 16S gene sequencing. The intestinal morphology, intestinal permeability, and inflammatory response activation signaling pathway were assessed using histological staining, western blots, quantitative-PCR, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results. VAD diet-fed mice displayed reduction of tissue VA levels, increased area under the curve (AUC) of glucose challenge, reduced glucose-stimulated insulin secretion, and loss of β cell mass. Redundancy analysis showed intestinal microbiota diversity was significantly associated with AUC of glucose challenge and β cell mass. VAD diet-driven changes in intestinal microbiota followed the inflammatory response with increased intestinal permeability and higher mRNA expression of intestinal inflammatory cytokines through nuclear factor-κB signaling pathway activation. Reintroduction of dietary VA to VAD diet-fed mice restored tissue VA levels, endocrine hormone profiles, and inflammatory response, which are similar to those observed following VAS-controlled changes in intestinal microbiota. Conclusions. We found intestinal microbiota effect islet function via controlling intestinal inflammatory phenotype in VAD diet-fed mice. Intestinal microbiota influences could be considered as an additional mechanism for the effect of endocrine function in a VAD diet-driven mouse model.

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“…Increasing research on the human gut microbiome has shown that gut microbes play an important role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients from the diet (Zuo et al., 2019), as well as in regulation of immunity and metabolic functions (Li et al., 2018). The impact of differences in geographical environment on the host microbial ecosystem and health has attracted wide attention (Fallani et al., 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the composition and function of the gut microbiome in herdsmen from two pasture regions, Hongyuan and Xilingol

Yang

Peng

Jin

et al. 2021

Food Science & Nutrition

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There is a close relationship between the gut microbiome and health in humans including regulation of immunity and energy metabolism. This study investigated differences in the gut microbiome of herdsmen from two regions: Hongyuan pasture in Sichuan and Xilingol pasture in Inner Mongolia. We found significant differences in the gut microbiome between the two groups. The main discriminatory species between the two groups were Bifidobacterium longum, Bifidobacterium breve, Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens, Prevotella stercorea, Prevotella copri, Eubacterium biforme, and Fusobacterium prausnitzii. The abundances of Bifidobacterium longum and Bifidobacterium breve were significantly lower in the gut microbiomes of Hongyuan herdsmen than in the gut microbiomes of Xilingol herdsmen. Functional metagenomic analysis showed that more genes were enriched in glycoside hydrolase and transposase in the gut microbiome of Hongyuan herdsmen compared with Xilingol herdsmen, suggesting a higher energy demand in the gut microbiome of Hongyuan herdsmen. Significantly more genes associated with glycolysis, starch degradation, and sucrose degradation were also found in the gut microbiome of Hong yuan herdsmen compared with Xilingol herdsmen. These results indicate that herdsmen from different pastoral regions had distinct gut microbiome composition and functions.

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Intestinal Immunomodulatory Cells (T Lymphocytes): A Bridge between Gut Microbiota and Diabetes

Cited by 18 publications

References 72 publications

Gut Microbiota and Colonization Resistance against Bacterial Enteric Infection

Gut Microbiota and Colonization Resistance against Bacterial Enteric Infection

Changes in Intestinal Microbiota Are Associated with Islet Function in a Mouse Model of Dietary Vitamin A Deficiency

Comparison of the composition and function of the gut microbiome in herdsmen from two pasture regions, Hongyuan and Xilingol

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