Intestinal fungi and systemic autoimmune diseases

Wang, Hua; Wu, Hong; Li, Kaidi; Wang, Yiyu; Huang, Renfang; Du, Yong‐Zhong; Xue, Junmin; Zhang, Qianru; Li, Xian-Bao; Li, Baozhu

doi:10.1016/j.autrev.2022.103234

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 119 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Nevertheless, with the development of high-throughput sequencing technologies, methodological difficulties associated with the study of intestinal fungi have been alleviated in recent years. A growing body of research has confirmed that fungi play a critical role in various physiological processes of the host, including immunity, digestion, and metabolism ( Luo et al, 2021 ; Wang et al, 2023 ). Diseases such as colon cancer, IBD and cirrhosis have been shown to cause dysbiosis of the intestinal fungal flora, such as an increase in the Basidiomycete / Ascomycete ratio and the abundance of Candida albicans ( Botschuijver et al, 2017 ; Sokol et al, 2017 ; Bajaj et al, 2018 ; Coker et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effects of host genetics and diet on porcine intestinal fungi and their pathogenic genes

Wang,

Liu,

Luo

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

As research on gut microbes progresses, it becomes increasingly clear that a small family of microbiota--fungi, plays a crucial role in animal health. However, little is known about the fungal composition in the pig intestine, especially after a dietary fiber diet and hybrid genetics, and the changes in host pathogenicity-associated genes they carry. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of diet and genetics on the diversity and structure of porcine intestinal fungi and to describe, for the first time, the host pathogenicity-related genes carried by porcine intestinal fungi. Samples of colonic contents were collected for metagenomic analysis using a 3 × 2 parsing design, where three pig breeds (Taoyuan, Duroc, and crossbred Xiangcun) were fed high or low fiber diets (n = 10). In all samples, we identified a total of 281 identifiable fungal genera, with Ascomycota and Microsporidia being the most abundant fungi. Compared to Duroc pigs, Taoyuan and Xiangcun pigs had higher fungal richness. Interestingly, the fiber diet significantly reduced the abundance of the pathogenic fungus Mucor and significantly increased the abundance of the fiber digestion-associated fungus Neocallimastix. Pathogenic fungi exert their pathogenicity through the genes they carry that are associated with host pathogenicity. Therefore, we obtained 839 pathogenicity genes carried by the spectrum of fungi in the pig intestine by comparing the PHI-base database. Our results showed that fungi in the colon of Taoyuan pigs carried the highest abundance of different classes of host pathogenicity-related genes, and the lowest in Duroc pigs. Specifically, Taoyuan pigs carried high abundance of animal pathogenicity-related genes (CaTUP1, CPAR2_106400, CaCDC35, Tfp1, CaMNT2), and CaTUP1 was the key gene for Candida pathogenicity. The intestinal fungal composition of crossbred Xiangcun pigs and the abundance of host pathogenicity-associated genes they carried exhibited a mixture of characteristics of Taoyuan and Duroc pigs. In conclusion, our results provide the first comprehensive report on the effects of dietary fiber and genetics on the composition of intestinal fungi and the host-associated pathogenicity genes they carry in pigs. These findings provide a reference for subsequent pig breeding and development of anti-pathogenic fungal drugs.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combined effects of host genetics and diet on porcine intestinal fungi and their pathogenic genes

Wang,

Liu,

Luo

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Recent studies have proposed the role of fungi in IBD (Iliev and Cadwell 2021 ). Several studies using ITS2 sequencing to analyse the fungal composition of the faecal microbiota have identified Candida species as the main genus responsible for IBD (Wang et al 2021 , 2023 ). In addition, some studies have revealed that intestinal fungi promote the occurrence of IBD (Krawczyk et al 2023 ), which may be related to the Dectin-1- SYK-CARD9/NF-κB signalling pathway (Zajta et al 2021 ; Yu et al 2023 ).…”

Section: Fungi and Tumoursmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of fungi in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer

Li,

Luo,

Wang

et al. 2023

Mycology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent tumour with high morbidity rates worldwide, and its incidence among younger populations is rising. Early diagnosis of CRC can help control the associated mortality. Fungi are common microorganisms in nature. Recent studies have shown that fungi may have a similar association with tumours as bacteria do. As an increasing number of tumour-associated fungi are discovered, this provides new ideas for the diagnosis and prognosis of tumours. The relationship between fungi and colorectal tumours has also been recently identified by scientists. Therefore, this paper describes the limitations and prospects of the application of fungi in diagnosing CRC and predicting CRC prognosis.

show abstract

“…Recently, fungi have been found in feces, suggesting that colonization by intestinal fungi begins at birth. Compared with bacterial cells, fungal cells are large, complex, and have many unique metabolic pathways that play an important role in maintaining intestinal microecological homeostasis and responding to host immune responses ( 18 ). Therefore, the role of fungal flora in intestinal flora has been gradually discovered and emphasized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alteration in gut mycobiota of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Chen,

Geng,

Liu

et al. 2023

Microbiol Spectr

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a serious disease characterized by high androgen, insulin resistance (IR), hyperglycemia, and obesity, leading to infertility. The gut mycobiota has been reported to evolve in metabolic diseases including obesity, hyperglycemia, and fatty liver. However, little is known about the gut mycobiota and PCOS. In the current study, we recruited 17 PCOS patients and 17 age-matched healthy controls for community structure and functional analysis of the gut mycobiota. The results showed that PCOS patients have reduced diversity and richness of the gut microbiota compared with healthy controls. β-Diversity analysis showed that the community structure of the gut microbiota of patients with PCOS was significantly different from healthy controls. At the phylum level, PCOS patients have reduced Basidiomycota and increased Ascomycota compared with healthy controls. At the family level, the higher relative abundance of Saccharomycetaceae and lower Trichosporonaceae and Ascomycota_unclassified were detected in PCOS patients than in healthy controls. At the genus level, different microbial compositions were also observed between PCOS patients and healthy controls. In addition, PICRUSt2 showed that patients with PCOS have different microbial functions in the gut compared with healthy controls. LEfSe indicated that Saccharomyces and Lentinula were enriched in the fecal samples of PCOS patients, while Aspergillus was depleted compared with healthy controls. Our finding indicates that PCOS patients have different community structures and functions of the gut mycobiota, which provides new insight into PCOS pathogenesis and intervention. IMPORTANCE It was found that intestinal fungi as well as serum metabolites in PCOS patients were significantly different from those in healthy subjects. However, no studies have been done to show exactly which fungus interacts with which bacteria in humans or which fungus acts alone. As fungal research progresses, it will be possible to fill this gap.

show abstract

Intestinal fungi and systemic autoimmune diseases

Cited by 6 publications

References 119 publications

Combined effects of host genetics and diet on porcine intestinal fungi and their pathogenic genes

Combined effects of host genetics and diet on porcine intestinal fungi and their pathogenic genes

The role of fungi in the diagnosis of colorectal cancer

Alteration in gut mycobiota of patients with polycystic ovary syndrome

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About