Intestinal epithelial barrier functions in ageing

Branca, Jacopo Junio Valerio; Gulisano, Massimo; Nicoletti, Claudio

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2019.100938

Cited by 87 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 219 publications

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“…38 Recently, advances in available technology, such as intestinal organoids, 39,40 have allowed researches to interrogate the effects of aging on the intestinal barrier, as reviewed previously. 41…”

Section: Alterations In Intestinal Epithelial Cells In Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The compromise of the intestinal barrier is also known as “leaky gut.” 34 Locally, impairment of the intestinal barrier has been linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), 35 colorectal cancer, 36 celiac disease, 37 and metabolic disorders such as obesity and diabetes 38 . Recently, advances in available technology, such as intestinal organoids, 39,40 have allowed researches to interrogate the effects of aging on the intestinal barrier, as reviewed previously 41 …”

Section: Alterations In Intestinal Epithelial Cells In Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Age-related changes in intestinal immunity and the microbiome

Walrath

Dyamenahalli

Hulsebus

et al. 2020

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is a vitally important site for the adsorption of nutrients as well as the education of immune cells. Homeostasis of the gut is maintained by the interplay of the intestinal epithelium, immune cells, luminal Ags, and the intestinal microbiota. The well-being of the gut is intrinsically linked to the overall health of the host, and perturbations to this homeostasis can have severe impacts on local and systemic health. One factor that causes disruptions in gut homeostasis is age, and recent research has elucidated how critical systems within the gut are altered during the aging process. Intestinal stem cell proliferation, epithelial barrier function, the gut microbiota, and the composition of innate and adaptive immune responses are all altered in advanced age.The aging population continues to expand worldwide, a phenomenon referred to as the "Silver Tsunami," and every effort must be made to understand how best to prevent and treat age-related maladies. Here, recent research about changes observed in the intestinal epithelium, the intestinal immune system, the microbiota, and how the aging gut interacts with and influences other organs such as the liver, lung, and brain are reviewed. Better understanding of these age-related changes and their impact on multi-organ interactions will aid the development of therapies to increase the quality of life for all aged individuals.

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Section: Alterations In Intestinal Epithelial Cells In Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Alterations In Intestinal Epithelial Cells In Agingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-related changes in intestinal immunity and the microbiome

Walrath

Dyamenahalli

Hulsebus

et al. 2020

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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“…Ageing leads to the loss of functional capacity in several body systems, including the cardiovascular, skeletomuscular, osteoarticular and neuro-immune-endocrine, and is often associated with a decline in psychological wellbeing and cognitive function. In the past few years, it has been brought to the surface that events taking place in the gut play an important role in the ageing process [1], and recently, the existence of bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain-the gut-brain axis-has emerged as an important player in shaping aspects of behaviour and cognitive function [2]. In particular, the gut microbiome has been reported to play an important role within this scenario.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Faecal microbiota transplant from aged donor mice affects spatial learning and memory via modulating hippocampal synaptic plasticity- and neurotransmission-related proteins in young recipients

et al. 2020

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Background The gut-brain axis and the intestinal microbiota are emerging as key players in health and disease. Shifts in intestinal microbiota composition affect a variety of systems; however, evidence of their direct impact on cognitive functions is still lacking. We tested whether faecal microbiota transplant (FMT) from aged donor mice into young adult recipients altered the hippocampus, an area of the central nervous system (CNS) known to be affected by the ageing process and related functions. Results Young adult mice were transplanted with the microbiota from either aged or age-matched donor mice. Following transplantation, characterization of the microbiotas and metabolomics profiles along with a battery of cognitive and behavioural tests were performed. Label-free quantitative proteomics was employed to monitor protein expression in the hippocampus of the recipients. We report that FMT from aged donors led to impaired spatial learning and memory in young adult recipients, whereas anxiety, explorative behaviour and locomotor activity remained unaffected. This was paralleled by altered expression of proteins involved in synaptic plasticity and neurotransmission in the hippocampus. Also, a strong reduction of bacteria associated with short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) production (Lachnospiraceae, Faecalibaculum, and Ruminococcaceae) and disorders of the CNS (Prevotellaceae and Ruminococcaceae) was observed. Finally, the detrimental effect of FMT from aged donors on the CNS was confirmed by the observation that microglia cells of the hippocampus fimbria, acquired an ageing-like phenotype; on the contrary, gut permeability and levels of systemic and local (hippocampus) cytokines were not affected. Conclusion These results demonstrate that age-associated shifts of the microbiota have an impact on protein expression and key functions of the CNS. Furthermore, these results highlight the paramount importance of the gut-brain axis in ageing and provide a strong rationale to devise therapies aiming to restore a young-like microbiota to improve cognitive functions and the declining quality of life in the elderly.

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“…The integrity of intestinal epithelial barrier not only is the key to maintain the health and disease of the body [24], but also plays an important role in maintaining homeostasis of host intestinal epithelium [25]. Destruction of intestinal barrier function may lead to chronic immune activation, leading to local and systemic infections or diseases, including coeliac disease, colorectal cancer, inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and metabolic disorders [26][27][28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protective effect of Bombyx mori gloverin on intestinal epithelial cells exposure to enterotoxigenic E. coli

Lin

et al. 2021

Braz J Microbiol

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Bombyx mori gloverin A2 (BMGlvA2) is an induced antimicrobial insect protein isolated from Bombyx mori. This study was conducted to explore the effect and potential mechanisms of BMGlvA2 on inflammatory responses and cellular functions in intestinal epithelial cells (IPEC-J2) exposure to enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). IPEC-J2 cells pretreated with or without BMGlvA2 (12.5 μg/mL) were challenged by ETEC K88 (1×10 6 CFU/well) or culture medium. We show that BMGlvA2 pretreatment increased the cell viability and improved the distribution and abundance of tight junction protein ZO-1 in IPEC-J2 cells exposure to ETEC (P < 0.05). Interestingly, BMGlvA2 not only decreased the expression levels of inflammatory cytokines such as the tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β), but also decreased the expression level of Caspase3 and the apoptosis rate in the ETEC-challenged cells (P < 0.05). Importantly, BMGlvA2 decreased the protein abundances of two critical inflammation-associated signaling proteins, phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa-B inhibitor alpha (p-IκBα) and phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B (p-NF-κB), in the ETEC-challenged cells. These results indicate that BMGlvA2 attenuates ETEC-induced inflammation in the IPEC-J2 cells by regulating the NF-κB signaling pathway, resulting in decreased secretion of inflammatory cytokine and reduced cell apoptosis.

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Intestinal epithelial barrier functions in ageing

Cited by 87 publications

References 219 publications

Age-related changes in intestinal immunity and the microbiome

Age-related changes in intestinal immunity and the microbiome

Faecal microbiota transplant from aged donor mice affects spatial learning and memory via modulating hippocampal synaptic plasticity- and neurotransmission-related proteins in young recipients

Protective effect of Bombyx mori gloverin on intestinal epithelial cells exposure to enterotoxigenic E. coli

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