Intestinal Blood Flow by Doppler Ultrasound: The Impact of Gestational Age and Time from First Enteral Feeding in Preterm Neonates

Thompson, Alecia; Silva, Cicero Torres; Görk, A. Semih; Wang, Dan; Ehrenkranz, Richard A.

doi:10.1055/s-0033-1347365

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Despite increases in blood flow during the first weeks of life, splanchnic oxygen saturation (r s SO 2 ), estimated using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), initially decreases in the first week of life and then increases until day 21 after birth ( 83 , 84 , 86 – 88 ). Advancing gestational age (GA) is associated with both higher blood flow and higher r s SO 2 ( 78 , 80 , 84 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This hypothesis is supported by findings of Ledo et al (87) who investigated the effect of ductal patency on the course of r s SO 2 in preterm neonates and found that the increases in r s SO 2 from day 3 of life are paralleled by ductal closure. The initial decrease in r s SO 2 may thus be explained by ductal steal, resulting in reduced diastolic flow in the descending aorta, resulting in a decreased intestinal perfusion pressure, and in the absence of intestinal pressure-flow regulation, preterm intestine relies on increases in oxygen extraction (73,74,80,82,87). This may enable preterm neonates to meet intestinal oxygen requirements during baseline conditions, yet creates unfavorable conditions during periods of additional stress.…”

Section: Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maturation of Intestinal Oxygenation: A Review of Mechanisms and Clinical Implications for Preterm Neonates

et al. 2020

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Nutrient requirements of preterm neonates may be substantial, to support growth and maturation processes in the presence of challenging post-natal circumstances. This may be accompanied by substantial intestinal oxygen requirements. Preterm neonates may not be able to meet these oxygen requirements, due to a developmental delay in intestinal oxygenation regulation mechanisms. This review summarizes the available literature on post-natal maturation of intestinal oxygenation mechanisms and translates these changes into clinical observations and potential implications for preterm neonates. The different mechanisms that may be involved in regulation of intestinal oxygenation, regardless of post-natal age, are first discussed. The contribution of these mechanisms to intestinal oxygenation regulation is then evaluated in newborn and mature intestine. Finally, the course of clinical observations is used to translate these findings to potential implications for preterm neonates.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maturation of Intestinal Oxygenation: A Review of Mechanisms and Clinical Implications for Preterm Neonates

et al. 2020

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Regional splanchnic oxygen saturation for preterm infants in the first week after birth: reference values

et al. 2021

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BACKGROUND: Near-infrared spectroscopy is used in the assessment of regional splanchnic oxygen saturation (r s SO 2 ), but solid reference values are scarce. We aimed to establish reference values of r s SO 2 for preterm infants during the first week after birth, both crude and modeled based on predictors. METHODS: We included infants with gestational age (GA) <32 weeks and/or birth weight <1200 g. We excluded infants who developed necrotizing enterocolitis or sepsis or who died. In the first week after birth, we determined a daily 2-h mean of r s SO 2 to assess its associations with sex, GA, postnatal age (PNA), small-for-gestational age (SGA) status, patent ductus arteriosus, hemoglobin, nutrition, and head circumference at birth and translated those into a prediction model. RESULTS: We included 220 infants. On day 1, the mean ± SD r s SO 2 value was 48.2% ± 16.6. The nadir of r s SO 2 was on day 4 (38.7% ± 16.6 smoothed line) to 5 (37.4%±17.3, actual data), after which r s SO 2 increased to 44.2% ± 16.6 on day 7. The final model of the reference values of r s SO 2 included the following coefficients: r s SO 2 = 3.2 − 7.0 × PNA + 0.8 × PNA 2 − 4.0 × SGA + 1.8 × GA. CONCLUSIONS: We established reference values of r s SO 2 for preterm infants during the first week after birth. GA, PNA, and SGA affect these values and need to be taken into account.

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Early brain and abdominal oxygenation in extremely low birth weight infants

et al. 2022

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Intestinal Blood Flow by Doppler Ultrasound: The Impact of Gestational Age and Time from First Enteral Feeding in Preterm Neonates

Abstract: There were significant differences in PSV by GA group. SMA PSV change after feeding was lower in patients who had feeding intolerance compared with those who did not.

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Maturation of Intestinal Oxygenation: A Review of Mechanisms and Clinical Implications for Preterm Neonates

Maturation of Intestinal Oxygenation: A Review of Mechanisms and Clinical Implications for Preterm Neonates

Regional splanchnic oxygen saturation for preterm infants in the first week after birth: reference values

Early brain and abdominal oxygenation in extremely low birth weight infants

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