Intestinal anti-inflammatory effects of goat whey on DNBS-induced colitis in mice

Abstract

This study evaluated the intestinal anti-inflammatory effects of goat whey in a mouse model of colitis induced by 2,4-dinitrobenzenesulfonic acid that resembles human IBD. At a concentration of 4 g/kg/day, the goat whey improved the symptoms of intestinal inflammation, namely by decreasing the disease activity index, colonic weight/length, and leukocyte infiltration. Moreover, goat whey inhibited NF-κB p65 and p38 MAPK signaling pathways and consequently down-regulated the gene expression of various proinflammatory markers such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, TNF-α, iNOS, MMP-9, ICAM-1. Also, goat whey increased the expression of proteins such as mucins, occludin proteins and cytokine signalling suppressors. The immunomodulatory properties of goat whey were also evaluated in vitro using the murine macrophage cell line Raw 264 and CMT-93 cells derived from mouse rectum carcinomas. The results revealed the ability of goat whey to inhibit the production of NO and reduce IL-6 production in LPS-stimulated cells. In conclusion, goat whey exhibited anti-inflammatory effects in the DNBS model of intestinal inflammation, and these observations were confirmed by its immunomodulatory properties in vitro. Together, our results indicate that goat whey could have applications for the treatment of IBD.

The Immunomodulatory Properties of Propyl‐Propane Thiosulfonate Contribute to its Intestinal Anti‐Inflammatory Effect in Experimental Colitis

“…In particular, the analysis of specific cytokine changes related to various T‐cell subsets could elucidate key mechanisms for the beneficial effects of the PTSO treatment. In the present study, both experimental models of colitis were associated with the upregulation of proinflammatory cytokines in the inflamed colonic tissue, in accordance with previous studies . The treatment with PTSO resulted in a reduction of proinflammatory cytokines such as IL‐1β, Tnf‐α, IL‐6 , and IL‐17 .…”

“…As previously reported, the inflammatory process induced by DNBS was associated with an altered expression of the pro‐inflammatory markers evaluated by RT‐qPCR. Therefore, the expression of the pro‐inflammatory cytokines evaluated ( IL‐1β , Tnf‐α , IL‐6 , and IL‐17 ) was significantly increased in the DNBS colitic group in comparison with the noncolitic.…”

“…The intestinal anti‐inflammatory effect was associated with a decrease in colonic MPO activity, which has been previously reported to be upregulated in experimental colitis. In fact, this enzyme activity has been widely used to detect and follow intestinal inflammatory status, and a reduction in its activity can be considered as an indicator of the anti‐inflamamtory effect of a given compound . Of note, when higher doses of PTSO (0.5, 1, and 10 mg kg –1 ) were assayed in this model, a reduced efficacy was obtained when MPO activity was considered.…”

Intestinal Anti-Inflammatory Activity of the Aqueous Extract from Ipomoea asarifolia in DNBS-Induced Colitis in Rats

“…In addition, intestinal inflammation caused by DNBS induces shortening and thickening of the colonic tissue walls, therefore this was another parameter analyzed for characterization and differentiation of the inflammatory process [19,20,21] in the treated groups compared to the DNBS control. Beneficial effects of IA extract on the inflammatory process were observed, as it reduced the weight/length in all tested doses and SSZ (Figure 1d), thus corroborating the DAI and MDI data, revealing an improvement in the inflammatory process.…”

The Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Properties of Anacardium occidentale L. Cashew Nuts in a Mouse Model of Colitis

“…Various data have proposed that NF-kB is a principal protagonist in the control of many genes with inflammation during experimental colitis [24]. Activation of NF-κB can be inducted by stimuli such as lipopolysaccharides, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and DNA damaging agents [39].…”