Intestinal and metabolic effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in normal adult rat

Lee, D. B.; Walling, MW; Levine, Barton S.; Gafter, Uzi; Silis, V.; Hodsman, Anthony B.; Coburn, Jack W.

doi:10.1152/ajpgi.1981.240.1.g90

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

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“…In the present study, no significant difference was observed between the level of 25(OH)D3, the precursor of 1,25(OH)2D3, in any of the four groups of animals and the absolute levels ('.30 ng/ml) were similar to those reported by Schedl et al (9) (24,25). The observation that the response ofthe 20-24-wk-old SHR Jm.s to low dietary calcium was significantly impaired compared to that of the WKY (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Abnormal vitamin D metabolism, intestinal calcium transport, and bone calcium status in the spontaneously hypertensive rat compared with its genetic control.

Lucas¹,

Brown²,

Drüeke³

et al. 1986

J. Clin. Invest.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Abnormal vitamin D metabolism, intestinal calcium transport, and bone calcium status in the spontaneously hypertensive rat compared with its genetic control.

Lucas¹,

Brown²,

Drüeke³

et al. 1986

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…A substantial amount of endogenous calcium was also found in the distal small intestine which is the main site for calcium secretion (18,19). Since the colon is a site of calcium absorption rather than calcium secretion (20,21), the endogenous calcium present in the colon probably resulted from a transit from the distal small intestine. Consistent with our previous in situ investigation (3), the present in vivo study demonstrated that ethanol markedly stimulates gastric calcium secretion and suppresses calcium absorption in the proximal small intestine (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The in vivo effect of ethanol on gastrointestinal motility and gastrointestinal handling of calcium in rats.

Krishnamra

Limlomwongse

1987

Journal of Nutritional Science and Vitaminology, J Nutr Sci Vit

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SummaryThe acute effects of an intragastric administration of ethanol (2g/kg body weight) (given as 13.3% w/v solution) on the in vivo gastrointestinal motility and gastrointestinal absorption and secretion of calcium were investigated in 20-h fasted rats. Gastric ethanol con centration remained high for 90min while the concentration in the duodenum peaked at 30min before declining to a range slightly higher than that in the mid and distal intestine. Plasma ethanol peaked at 60min. From the polyethylene glycol (PEG) distribution, ethanol was found to delay gastric emptying, and at 60min, 40% of PEG was still retained in the stomach of the ethanol-treated group while gastric emptying had been completed in the controls. However, ethanol placed directly into the duodenum was found to enhance intestinal motility.Under control conditions, exogenous calcium was completely ab sorbed by the time it reached the mid-small intestine (J3) and calcium found in more distal segments was of endogenous origin. Ethanol sup pressed calcium absorption while markedly stimulating calcium secretion in the stomach and the distal small intestine, resulting in a net 32% in crease in the total gastrointestinal calcium content. This effect on the distal small intestine was from ethanol that had reached this area from the circulation, and not from ethanol transit along the gastrointestinal tract.

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“…Although little is known about 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 action in other parts of the intestine, the importance of regions other than the proximal small intestine has been suggested. Vitamin D and 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 -regulated calcium transport has been reported in ileum, cecum, and colon as well as duodenum (140,141,250). The highest expression levels of TRPV6 are in the distal intestine (517).…”

Section: Vitamin D and The Distal Intestinementioning

confidence: 98%

Vitamin D: Metabolism, Molecular Mechanism of Action, and Pleiotropic Effects

Christakos

Dhawan

Verstuyf

et al. 2016

Physiological Reviews

1,442

1,234

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, [1,25(OH) 2 D 3 ] is the hormonally active form of vitamin D. The genomic mechanism of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 action involves the direct binding of the 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 activated vitamin D receptor/retinoic X receptor (VDR/RXR) heterodimeric complex to specific DNA sequences. Numerous VDR co-regulatory proteins have been identified, and genome-wide studies have shown that the actions of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 involve regulation of gene activity at a range of locations many kilobases from the transcription start site. The structure of the liganded VDR/RXR complex was recently characterized using cryoelectron microscopy, X-ray scattering, and hydrogen deuterium exchange. These recent technological advances will result in a more complete understanding of VDR coactivator interactions, thus facilitating cell and gene specific clinical applications. Although the identification of mechanisms mediating VDR-regulated transcription has been one focus of recent research in the field, other topics of fundamental importance include the identification and functional significance of proteins involved in the metabolism of vitamin D. CYP2R1 has been identified as the most important 25-hydroxylase, and a critical role for CYP24A1 in humans was noted in studies showing that inactivating mutations in CYP24A1 are a probable cause of idiopathic infantile hypercalcemia. In addition, studies using knockout and transgenic mice have provided new insight on the physiological role of vitamin D in classical target tissues as well as evidence of extraskeletal effects of 1,25(OH) 2 D 3 including inhibition of cancer progression, effects on the cardiovascular system, and immunomodulatory effects in certain autoimmune diseases. Some of the mechanistic findings in mouse models have also been observed in humans. The identification of similar pathways in humans could lead to the development of new therapies to prevent and treat disease.

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Intestinal and metabolic effect of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in normal adult rat

Cited by 23 publications

References 0 publications

Abnormal vitamin D metabolism, intestinal calcium transport, and bone calcium status in the spontaneously hypertensive rat compared with its genetic control.

Abnormal vitamin D metabolism, intestinal calcium transport, and bone calcium status in the spontaneously hypertensive rat compared with its genetic control.

The in vivo effect of ethanol on gastrointestinal motility and gastrointestinal handling of calcium in rats.

Vitamin D: Metabolism, Molecular Mechanism of Action, and Pleiotropic Effects

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