Interviewer disclosure modeling, information revealed, and interviewee verbal behavior.

Abstract

The present study investigated the effectiveness of the interviewer as a model of and recipient for interviewee self-disclosure when modeled content revealed favorable or unfavorable personal information. Subjects in a control condition received only minimal interview structuring. During a 30-minute interview, subjects talked about their relationship with four target persons. Contrary to a "model status loss" hypothesis suggested by previous research, the disclosure of unfavorable information did not decrease the effectiveness of the interviewer's interventions. Although subjects' perceptions of their disclosing interviewer were in the expected direction on 9 of 10 interpersonal rating dimensions, betwecn-group differences did not reach significance. Subjects talked longer and achieved higher levels of self-exploration in both modeling conditions than in the no-model control situation. Frequency and patterning of subjects' positive and negative self-references also were related to treatment conditions. Implications for psychotherapy interventions and continued interview behavior research are discussed.

Congruence of Counselor Self-Disclosure and Perceived Effectiveness

“…This revelation is seen by some professionals as a valuable relationship-building tool, essential for establishing authenticity, genuineness, and integrity in the counseling relationship (Dowd & Boroto, 1982). Doster and Brooks (1974) advocated personal communication by the counselor as a means of modeling guidelines for client self-disclosure and demonstrating a willingness to yield control in the counseling relationship. Goldstein (1994) suggested that self-disclosure can be particularly crucial in working with clients whose diverse backgrounds or alternative lifestyles contribute to feelings of alienation that may delay the establishment of a therapeutic bond.…”

Characteristics of Therapist Self‐Disclosure in the Counseling Process

“…Deforest and Stone (1980) reported that participants' disclosures increased in a linear fashion reflecting the amount of disclosure made by stimulus counselors in transcripts. Doster and Brooks (1974), using an audiotape analog format, determined that more client self-exploration and self-talk were evident for conditions of positive and negative counselor self-disclosure than for a no-disclosure condition.…”

“…As noted previously, the content of counselor disclosures may be important in determining the impact of this technique. Content has been studied previously by using broad theoretical categories such as positive versus negative (Anderson & Anderson, 1985;Doster & Brooks, 1974;Hoffman & Spencer, 1977;Klein & Friedlander, 1987), past versus present (Cherbosque, 1987;Dowd & Boroto, l982), high versus low intimacy (Berg & Wright-Buckley, 1988;Derlega & Chaikin, 1976), and interpersonal versus intrapersonal disclosures (Nillson et al, 1979). For instance, Dowd and Boroto (1982) found no difference between past or present counselor self-disclosures as rated by participants viewing videotapes of simulated counseling sessions.…”

The influence of interviewer self-disclosure and verbal reinforcement on personality tests

“…Self-disclosure on the part of either the experimenter or a separate model has been shown to increase significantly S self-disclosure (cf. Doster, 1972;Doster & Brooks, 1974;Marlatt, 1971;McAllister & Kiesler, 1975;Powell, 1968). Increase in S disclosure due to experimenter self-disclosure carries over within an interview (Jourard & Jaffe, 1970), which supports the assertion that a prior interview may affect ensuing testing.…”