Intervertebral disc calcifications in children

Beluffi, Giampiero; Fiori, Pedro; Sileo, C.

doi:10.1016/j.clinimag.2009.06.014

Cited by 5 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…52 Symptoms are seen most frequently with calcification of the cervical spine, typically at the level of C7-T1, though multiple levels can be affected. 51 Boys seem to be slightly more often affected than girls. 52,53,55 The average age at diagnosis is 7-8 years, with a range of 7 days to 20 years.…”

Section: Disk Calcificationmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…Some patients present with fever and increased ESR. [51][52][53] In general, the symptoms are relatively brief, rarely lasting longer than several weeks. 52 Neurologic complications may occur, however, when the calcification herniates through the fibrous annulus, causing nerve root or spinal cord compression.…”

Section: Disk Calcificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…52,53,55 The average age at diagnosis is 7-8 years, with a range of 7 days to 20 years. 51,53,56 Disk calcification in children can be seen as part of a syndrome or disease, such as Morquio syndrome, I cell disease, Patau syndrome, congenital or acquired vertebral fusion, hyperparathyroidism and other hypercalcemic states, osteomyelitis, tuberculosis, and diskitis. 56 Disk calcification, while often difficult to identify, is usually seen on plain film or CT as an attenuated, round, oval, flattened, or fragmented calcification in the nucleus pulposus ( Fig 6).…”

Section: Disk Calcificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging of Back Pain in Children

Rodriguez¹,

Poussaint²

2009

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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SUMMARY:While back pain presents less frequently in children than in adults, it still poses a significant clinical challenge with respect to making a firm diagnosis and developing an effective treatment plan. When children have back pain and medical attention is sought, an underlying pathology is usually suspected. Pediatric patients are evaluated, first, with a complete clinical history and examination and, second, by an imaging work-up that is based on initial findings, including the child's age and size, signs and symptoms, and suspected etiology. This article describes 1) the epidemiology of back pain in children, 2) the imaging work-up used, and 3) the correlation of imaging findings with disease entities that may cause back pain in the pediatric patient. The list of diseases giving rise to back pain is not meant to be exhaustive but rather reflective of the most commonly identified pathologies and disorders among young children and adolescents, from athletic injuries to lethal cancers.ABBREVIATIONS: ALARA ϭ as low as reasonably achievable; ESR ϭ erythrocyte sedimentation rate; FSE ϭ fast spin-echo; 18 F ϭ fluorine 18; LCH ϭ Langerhans cell histiocytosis; LDH ϭ lactate dehydrogenase; MBP ϭ mechanical back pain; PET ϭ positron-emission tomography; RFA ϭ radio-frequency ablation, SPECT ϭ single-photon emission computed tomography; STIR ϭ short tau inversion recovery; 99m Tc-MDP ϭ technetium 99m methylene diphosphonate; WHO ϭ World Health Organization B ack pain in children presents less frequently than in adults. The incidence of back pain in adults has been estimated to be as high as 60%-80% 1 ; the actual incidence of back pain in children, however, is unknown. Back pain in children presenting to the emergency department was originally thought to be an uncommon complaint, 2 reflecting significant underlying pathology compared with adults. Although recent studies have shown an increased prevalence of back pain in children, [3][4][5][6][7] relatively few patients receive medical attention.

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Section: Disk Calcificationmentioning

confidence: 91%

Section: Disk Calcificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Disk Calcificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Imaging of Back Pain in Children

Rodriguez¹,

Poussaint²

2009

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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“…Since the first case was reported in 1924, 4) approximately 400 cases have been reported in the age range of 0-20 years. 5,7,23) The etiology remains unclear, though various hypotheses, such as inflammatory mechanisms and trauma, have been proposed. 5,7,23) Aging is associated with decreases in cervical range of motion of approximately 59per decade.…”

Section: H Ikeda Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5,7,23) The etiology remains unclear, though various hypotheses, such as inflammatory mechanisms and trauma, have been proposed. 5,7,23) Aging is associated with decreases in cervical range of motion of approximately 59per decade. 8,31) Cervical disc degenerative change with aging is also associated with the reduced cervical range of motion.…”

Section: H Ikeda Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Nontraumatic Cervical Disc Herniation in a 21-Year-Old Patient With No Other Underlying Disease

Ikeda

Hanakita

Takahashi

et al. 2012

Neurol. Med. Chir.(Tokyo)

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A 21-year-old woman presented with cervical myelopathy due to nontraumatic cervical disc herniation associated with cervical canal stenosis. The patient underwent removal of the herniated disc and anterior fusion with an autogenous iliac crest bone graft. After surgery, the patient showed satisfactory improvement. Cases of cervical disc herniation in our center and reported cases without cervical trauma in either young adults or in childhood were reviewed retrospectively. We discuss the pathogenesis of cervical disc herniation in our young patient in the context of these other cases. Cervical disc herniation rarely occurs before the age of 30 years. A history of cervical trauma and preexisting fusion of the cervical spine are risk factors for cervical disc herniation. The present case is the youngest known of nontraumatic disc herniation without other underlying disease. Hypermobility due to neck cracking and a relatively narrow spinal canal might have been important in causing cervical myelopathy by disc herniation.

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Acute symptomatic calcific discitis in adults: a case report and review of literature

et al. 2015

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Symptomatic calcific discitis has been reported in the paediatric population but is a rare entity in adults with only eight cases reported in the English literature. We present a case of adult calcific discitis presenting with acute onset back pain. Radiographs and CT demonstrated central T11-T12 disc calcification with diffuse marrow oedema on subsequent MRI. The patient was referred to our spinal oncology unit due to the extensive marrow oedema as a possible underlying primary bone tumour. Review of the CT confirmed an end-plate defect with herniated calcific nucleus pulposus with no underlying bone lesion. Features were in keeping with acute calcific discitis. The patient was treated symptomatically and made an uneventful recovery. We discuss the characteristic imaging features seen on radiograph, CT and MRI and review the current literature. Calcific discitis is a self-limiting pathology requiring symptomatic management only. Radiologists need to be aware of this rare entity as it can occur in adults and may be mistaken for a more sinister pathology such as infective discitis or a bone tumour and lead to further unnecessary imaging or invasive procedures.

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Intervertebral disc calcifications in children

Cited by 5 publications

References 20 publications

Imaging of Back Pain in Children

Imaging of Back Pain in Children

Nontraumatic Cervical Disc Herniation in a 21-Year-Old Patient With No Other Underlying Disease

Acute symptomatic calcific discitis in adults: a case report and review of literature

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