Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil-transmitted helminth infection

Freeman, Matthew C.; Strunz, Eric; Utzinger, Jürg; Addiss, David G.

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd012199

Cited by 25 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…The well-documented benefits of household and community WASH interventions for a range of infectious disease outcomes15 16 18–20 22 24 59–65 and consistently protective effect of the combined interventions included in this systematic review and scoping review support the widely held, if poorly researched view that WASH in HCFs are a fundamental component of effective IPC. While this view may be widely held, the reality in LMICs is that WASH infrastructure and interventions are often overlooked.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

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Interventions to improve water supply and quality, sanitation and handwashing facilities in healthcare facilities, and their effect on healthcare-associated infections in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and supplementary scoping review

et al. 2019

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IntroductionHealthcare-associated infections (HCAIs) are the most frequent adverse event compromising patient safety globally. Patients in healthcare facilities (HCFs) in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) are most at risk. Although water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) interventions are likely important for the prevention of HCAIs, there have been no systematic reviews to date.MethodsAs per our prepublished protocol, we systematically searched academic databases, trial registers, WHO databases, grey literature resources and conference abstracts to identify studies assessing the impact of HCF WASH services and practices on HCAIs in LMICs. In parallel, we undertook a supplementary scoping review including less rigorous study designs to develop a conceptual framework for how WASH can impact HCAIs and to identify key literature gaps.ResultsOnly three studies were included in the systematic review. All assessed hygiene interventions and included: a cluster-randomised controlled trial, a cohort study, and a matched case-control study. All reported a reduction in HCAIs, but all were considered at medium-high risk of bias. The additional 27 before-after studies included in our scoping review all focused on hygiene interventions, none assessed improvements to water quantity, quality or sanitation facilities. 26 of the studies reported a reduction in at least one HCAI. Our scoping review identified multiple mechanisms by which WASH can influence HCAI and highlighted a number of important research gaps.ConclusionsAlthough there is a dearth of evidence for the effect of WASH in HCFs, the studies of hygiene interventions were consistently protective against HCAIs in LMICs. Additional and higher quality research is urgently needed to fill this gap to understand how WASH services in HCFs can support broader efforts to reduce HCAIs in LMICs.PROSPERO registration numberCRD42017080943.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 52%

“…Safe water, sanitation and hygiene (WASH) are key public health interventions 13–25. An adequate quantity and quality of water, facilities for safely managing excreta and healthcare waste, and the application of hygienic practices such as hand hygiene and environmental cleaning, are essential to the functioning of any HCF 26 27.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interventions to improve water supply and quality, sanitation and handwashing facilities in healthcare facilities, and their effect on healthcare-associated infections in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and supplementary scoping review

et al. 2019

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“…The limited findings reported here are similar to findings of other studies. A recent review of brief interventions conducted in schools, for example, found that while they outperformed assessment only control conditions, they did not produce significant effects when compared to information-only interventions (Carney, Myers, Louw, & Okwundu, 2016). …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of a brief, parent-focused intervention for substance using adolescents and their sibling

Spirito

Hernández

Marceau

et al. 2017

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of the Family Check-up (FCU), a parent-focused brief motivational intervention, in families where parents were concerned about one adolescent’s alcohol or marijuana use and the referred adolescent also had a sibling close in age. The primary goal of the FCU was to provide individualized feedback on specific parenting skills, including monitoring and supervision, limit setting, and alcohol-related communication. A total of 92 adolescents (37 female) between the ages of 12–19 years of age along with a sibling (48 female) between the ages of 11–21 years old, were randomized to the FCU or a psychoeducation (PE) comparison condition. Findings indicated that the FCU did not produce better effects on alcohol and other drug use outcomes than the PE condition, in either the adolescent or sibling. Brief interventions addressing parenting behaviors may not be sufficient to reduce alcohol use in adolescent drinkers not referred due to an alcohol-related incident. Future research might be conducted to explore whether brief parent interventions, such as those in the present study, could be useful as a preventive intervention for parents whose teens report low levels of substance use.

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“…The mechanical transmissions of parasitic diseases by cockroaches are neglected. However, cockroaches can be potential reservoirs and possible vectors for intestinal parasites [11][12][13]. Moreover, epidemiological information on species composition of cockroaches, their potential as mechanical vectors of intestinal parasites and associated factors is very limited in Ethiopia.…”

Section: Species Composition Of Cockroaches Their Potential As Mechamentioning

confidence: 99%

Species Composition of Cockroaches, Their Potential as Mechanical Vectors of Intestinal Parasites and Associated Factors Among Households in Sekota Town, Northeast Ethiopia; A Community-based Cross-sectional Study

Debash

Alemu

Ayehu³

2020

Preprint

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Background: Cockroaches pose a significant nuisance, and public health threat due to their ability to transmit pathogenic organisms including intestinal parasites. Due to little attention given to mechanical transmission of parasitic diseases by various vectors, appropriate interventions are not implemented to date.The extent to which cockroaches may harbor parasites is poorly understood in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. This further overwhelms the already fragile program of prevention and control of parasites. Objectives: To assess species composition of cockroaches, their potential as mechanical vectors of intestinal parasites and associated factors among households in Sekota town, Northeast Ethiopia. Methods: A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted in households found in Sekota town from February to April 2020. A total of 402 households were selected by a systematic random sampling technique. Possible risk factors were collected via a structured questionnaire, and 1750 cockroaches were collected using jars. Species identification of cockroaches was performed using taxonomic keys, and parasite isolation was done using formol-ether and modified modified acid-fast techniques. The data analysis was done using SPSS version 23. P-value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results: All cockroaches collected were identified as a species of Blattella germanica (B. germanica). Overall, 63 (36.0%) of the 175 batches were found to harbor intestinal parasites, E. histolytica/dispar (14.3%) and H. nana (8.6%) being the predominant species. About 38 (21.7%), and 49 (28.0%) of cockroaches were found to harbor parasites on external parts and gut contents, respectively. Improper latrine utilization (P=0.006), presence of domestic animals (P=0.032), and presence of parasite-infected child in the household (P=0.001) were significantly associated with parasite carriage of cockroaches. Moreover, houses attached via two or more sides with neighboring houses (P=0.045), houses with cracks on their walls (P=0.001), and households with poor solid waste disposal (P=0.001) were at a significantly higher odds of cockroach infestation.Conclusion: Human and environmental factors have favoured infestation by Blattella germanica in the study area. Therefore, households housing condition, latrine utilization, and waste management systems should be improved.

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Interventions to improve water, sanitation, and hygiene for preventing soil-transmitted helminth infection

Abstract: This is the protocol for a review and there is no abstract. The objectives are as follows:To assess the effectiveness of water, sanitation, and hygiene interventions to prevent soil-transmitted helminth infection.

Cited by 25 publications

References 43 publications

Interventions to improve water supply and quality, sanitation and handwashing facilities in healthcare facilities, and their effect on healthcare-associated infections in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and supplementary scoping review

Interventions to improve water supply and quality, sanitation and handwashing facilities in healthcare facilities, and their effect on healthcare-associated infections in low-income and middle-income countries: a systematic review and supplementary scoping review

Effects of a brief, parent-focused intervention for substance using adolescents and their sibling

Species Composition of Cockroaches, Their Potential as Mechanical Vectors of Intestinal Parasites and Associated Factors Among Households in Sekota Town, Northeast Ethiopia; A Community-based Cross-sectional Study

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