Interventions to Improve Reading Performance in Glaucoma

Ikeda, Mariana C.; Hamada, Koiti Uchida; Bando, Andre H.; Nakamura, Vinicius P.L.; Prata, Tiago S.; Tatham, Andrew J.; Paranhos, Augusto; Gracitelli, Carolina P. B.

doi:10.1016/j.ogla.2021.03.013

Cited by 6 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Patients with mild to moderate glaucoma have impaired reading ability (slower reading speeds) compared with controls, even with preserved central vision [26 ▪ ,27 ▪ ]. A number of optical, nonoptical and electronic aids can help improve visual acuity and optimize reading for glaucoma patients with low vision [28 ▪ ,29].…”

Section: Reading In Glaucoma Patients With Low Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Computers, tablets and smartphones have their own internal adjustments to text size and contrast. Increased text contrast has been shown to improve reading performance in glaucoma [27 ▪ ], and enhancement of computer screens (with contrast, luminance and color) has also been shown to be helpful for glaucoma patients, especially those with decreased contrast sensitivity [30 ▪ ].…”

Section: Reading In Glaucoma Patients With Low Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vision rehabilitation in glaucoma patients

Shi

Salim

2023

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

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Purpose of reviewVision rehabilitation services are important but underutilized resources for patients with glaucoma. Glaucoma and its impact on vision can affect patients’ abilities to read and drive, two activities of daily living that are associated with quality of life and functional independence. In this review, we provide an overview of low vision, discuss barriers to vision rehabilitation, and outline various strategies and interventions to optimize visual function and quality of life in patients with glaucoma.Recent findingsStudies have shown that glaucoma negatively impacts reading, driving and overall quality of life. Decreased visual acuity, visual field loss and reduced contrast sensitivity play a role. Low vision services and interventions can help patients maximize visual function and improve their quality of life. Barriers to receiving these services exist at multiple levels and an increased awareness and integration into routine ophthalmic care are needed to deliver comprehensive care.SummaryGlaucoma is one of the leading causes of low vision. Ophthalmologists who treat glaucoma often tend to focus on objective measures to monitor progression and disease severity, but the functional impact of glaucoma should also be addressed. Low vision services can benefit patients, particularly for reading and driving, and should be considered as an essential component of patient care.

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Section: Reading In Glaucoma Patients With Low Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Reading In Glaucoma Patients With Low Visionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vision rehabilitation in glaucoma patients

Shi

Salim

2023

Current Opinion in Ophthalmology

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“…Increasing contrast from 10% to 50% has been found to be associated with significant improvement in reading speed in patients with glaucoma at various stages of the disease, whilst font size and line spacing had no effect on reading speed in that study. 12 This result indicates that reduced contrast sensitivity is a critical factor for slower reading in glaucoma. However, contrast alone cannot completely account for abnormalities in central vision.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Higher susceptibility to central crowding in glaucoma

Blanckaert

Rouland

Davost

et al. 2022

Clinical and Experimental Optometry

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Crowding limits many daily life activities, such as reading and the visual search for objects in cluttered environments. Excessive sensitivity to crowding, especially in central vision, may amplify the difficulties of patients with ocular pathologies. It is thus important to investigate what limits visual activities and how to improve it.Background: Numerous studies have reported reduced contrast sensitivity in central vision in patients with glaucoma. However, deficits have also been observed for letter recognition at high contrast, suggesting that contrast alone cannot completely account for impaired central perception.Method: Seventeen patients and fifteen age-matched controls were randomly presented with letters in central or parafoveal vision at 5° eccentricity for 200 ms. They were asked to decide whether the central T was upright or inverted. The T was either presented in isolation (uncrowded) or flanked by two Hs (crowded) at various spacings. Contrast was manipulated: 60% and 5%.Results: Compared to controls, patients exhibited a significant effect of crowding in central vision, with higher accuracy for the isolated T than for HTH only at low contrast. In parafoveal vision, an effect of crowding was also observed only in patients. The spacing to escape crowding varied as a function of contrast. Larger spacing was required at low contrast than at high contrast. Susceptibility to crowding was related to central visual field defect for central presentations and to contrast sensitivity for parafoveal presentations, only at low contrast. Controls were at ceiling level both for central and parafoveal presentations. Conclusion:Crowding limits visual perception, impeding reading and object recognition in cluttered environments. We demonstrate that visual field defect and lower contrast sensitivity in glaucoma can increase susceptibility to central and parafoveal crowding, the deleterious effect of which can be improved by manipulating contrast and spacing between elements.

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“…Moreover, since various dysfunctions such as visual eld defects, loss of contrast sensitivity, or abnormalities of ocular movement can affect reading speed, it is necessary to investigate reading speed in the patients with low vision due to corneal opacity, cataracts, retinal disorders, or optic neuropathies. [1][2][3] Reading charts from the International Council of Ophthalmology were introduced, 4 for example, the Bailey-Lovie word chart, Colenbrander English continuous text, the Oculus Reading Probe II, the SKread acuity chart, the RADNER reading acuity chart, and The MNREAD acuity chart is developed by Legge G. in 1993. 5 This chart consists of each sentence contains 60 characters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normative Data of the Korean Version of the MNREAD Acuity Chart

Kim

Kim²,

Kim

2022

Preprint

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Background: To develop the normative data of the Korean version of the MNREAD acuity chart.Methods: A Korean version was prepared based on the MNREAD acuity chart developed by Gordon Legge of the University of Minnesota, USA. A linguist selected the representative 80 sentences composed of 9 words at the level of the 2nd and 3rd grades of elementary school. Reading abilities were measured for 20-35 years old with normal visual acuity (corrected visual acuity of 1.0 or better) for 80 sentences. Among 80 sentences, 38 items with a similar speed were prepared for the right and left eyes of the Korean version according to the format of the MNREAD acuity chart. Reading speed (word per minute, wpm) for healthy participants, the reading acuity (the smallest detectable font size), and the critical print size (the smallest font size without reduction of reading speed) were analyzed.Results: The average age of the experimental group was 28.3 ± 2.6 years (male: female 4=16). The average reading speed for 38 sentences was 3.66 ± 0.69 seconds, and there was no difference in the average reading speed between sentences (p=0.836). The reading speed was 146.2 wpm for the right eye and 142.5 wpm for the left eye in logMAR 1.0 size, and 97.7 wpm and 99.7 wpm in logMAR 0.0 size. Reading acuity was measured as logMAR 0.0 or better in 80% of cases. All subjects showed a critical print size of 0.2 or better logMAR.Conclusion: Using the Korean version of the MNREAD acuity chart, the reading ability including reading acuity, reading speed and critical print size, can be measured. It is thought that it will be a useful tool to measure reading ability even for those who speak Korean as their native language.

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Interventions to Improve Reading Performance in Glaucoma

Cited by 6 publications

References 40 publications

Vision rehabilitation in glaucoma patients

Vision rehabilitation in glaucoma patients

Higher susceptibility to central crowding in glaucoma

Normative Data of the Korean Version of the MNREAD Acuity Chart

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