Interventions for treating obesity in children

Luttikhuis, Hiltje Oude; Baur, Louise A.; Jansen, Hanneke; Shrewsbury, Vanessa A.; O’Malley, Claire; Stolk, Ronald; Summerbell, Carolyn

doi:10.1002/14651858.cd001872.pub3

Cited by 29 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 249 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Childhood obesity interventions include lifestyle modifications, pharmacological, and surgical interventions [12]. For the purpose of this review, we restricted the interventions to lifestyle modifications only, including dietary interventions, physical activity interventions, and behavioral therapy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multiple reviews and meta-analyses exist evaluating the efficacy of interventions to prevent and manage obesity in children and adolescent [12,[25][26][27][28]. With the variety of interventions and the ever increasing number of reviews, it is difficult to generate conclusions regarding which interventions are relatively more effective, compared to others for preventing and managing obesity in this age group [24].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Effects of Lifestyle Modification Interventions to Prevent and Manage Child and Adolescent Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The objective of this review was to assess the impact of lifestyle interventions (including dietary interventions, physical activity, behavioral therapy, or any combination of these interventions) to prevent and manage childhood and adolescent obesity. We conducted a comprehensive literature search across various databases and grey literature without any restrictions on publication, language, or publication status until February 2020. We included randomized controlled trials and quasi-experimental studies from both high income countries (HIC) and low-middle-income countries (LMICs). Participants were children and adolescents from 0 to 19 years of age. Studies conducted among hospitalized children and children with any pre-existing health conditions were excluded from this review. A total of 654 studies (1160 papers) that met the inclusion criteria were included in this review. A total of 359 studies targeted obesity prevention, 280 studies targeted obesity management, while 15 studies targeted both prevention and management. The majority of the studies (81%) were conducted in HICs, 10% of studies were conducted in upper middle income countries, while only 2% of the studies were conducted in LMICs. The most common setting for these interventions were communities and school settings. Evidence for the prevention of obesity among children and adolescents suggests that a combination of diet and exercise might reduce the BMI z-score (MD: −0.12; 95% CI: −0.18 to −0.06; 32 studies; 33,039 participants; I2 93%; low quality evidence), body mass index (BMI) by 0.41 kg/m2 (MD: −0.41 kg/m2; 95% CI: −0.60 to −0.21; 35 studies; 47,499 participants; I2 98%; low quality evidence), and body weight (MD: −1.59; 95% CI: −2.95 to −0.23; 17 studies; 35,023 participants; I2 100%; low quality evidence). Behavioral therapy alone (MD: −0.07; 95% CI: −0.14 to −0.00; 19 studies; 8569 participants; I2 76%; low quality evidence) and a combination of exercise and behavioral therapy (MD: −0.08; 95% CI: −0.16 to −0.00; 9 studies; 7334 participants; I2 74%; low quality evidence) and diet in combination with exercise and behavioral therapy (MD: −0.13; 95% CI: −0.25 to −0.01; 5 studies; 1806 participants; I2 62%; low quality evidence) might reduce BMI z-score when compared to the control group. Evidence for obesity management suggests that exercise only interventions probably reduce BMI z-score (MD: −0.13; 95% CI: −0.20 to −0.06; 12 studies; 1084 participants; I2 0%; moderate quality evidence), and might reduce BMI (MD: −0.88; 95% CI: −1.265 to −0.50; 34 studies; 3846 participants; I2 72%) and body weight (MD: −3.01; 95% CI: −5.56 to −0.47; 16 studies; 1701 participants; I2 78%; low quality evidence) when compared to the control group. and the exercise along with behavioral therapy interventions (MD: −0.08; 95% CI: −0.16 to −0.00; 8 studies; 466 participants; I2 49%; moderate quality evidence), diet along with behavioral therapy interventions (MD: −0.16; 95% CI: −0.26 to −0.07; 4 studies; 329 participants; I2 0%; moderate quality evidence), and combination of diet, exercise and behavioral therapy (MD: −0.09; 95% CI: −0.14 to −0.05; 13 studies; 2995 participants; I2 12%; moderate quality evidence) also probably decreases BMI z-score when compared to the control group. The existing evidence is most favorable for a combination of interventions, such as diet along with exercise and exercise along with behavioral therapy for obesity prevention and exercise alone, diet along with exercise, diet along with behavioral therapy, and a combination of diet, exercise, and behavioral therapy for obesity management. Despite the growing obesity epidemic in LMICs, there is a significant dearth of obesity prevention and management studies from these regions.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Lifestyle Modification Interventions to Prevent and Manage Child and Adolescent Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In case of severe obesity, an intensified (mostly inpatient) programme provides a stable environment for installing structural change (Braet, Tanghe, Decaluwé, Moens, & Rosseel, 2004). Effects of both outpatient and inpatient MOT are well proven, showing effects on weight, physical fitness, and psychosocial wellbeing (Braet et al, 2004;Oude Luttikhuis et al, 2009). Nonetheless, its long-term effectivity turns out modest (Moens, Braet, & Van Winckel, 2010; Oude Luttikhuis et al, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adherence and barriers in e‐health self‐control training for enhancing childhood multidisciplinary obesity treatment

Naets

Vervoort

Tanghe³

et al. 2019

Clin Psychology and Psychoth

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Training self-control as the assumed underlying mechanism for weight loss is a promising pathway for improving long-term outcomes of childhood multidisciplinary obesity treatment (MOT). The present study is the first to analyse adherence to ehealth self-control training in paediatric obesity. We hypothesized that low adherence would relate to child characteristics and to contextual treatment barriers. Participants were recruited as a part of a larger randomized controlled trial, evaluating an e-health self-control training during inpatient MOT (intensive phase) and its outpatient aftercare (booster phase). A number of 68 youngsters with severe obesity between 11 to 19 years old were included in the present study. Excellent adherence was observed in the intensive phase during inpatient MOT, but rates decreased in the booster phase. As predicted, the low adherence group had a significantly higher weight status throughout the entire study period. Differences in contextual treatment barriers did not appear. Further in-depth analysis showed that the low adherence group frequently experienced practical obstacles. The end of inpatient MOT and high weight status can be considered important risk factors for low adherence in an additional self-control training aimed at facilitating weight loss.

show abstract

“…Till now, to the best of our knowledge, no studies were carried out in children or adolescents regarding the effects of vitamin D supplementation on body mass reduction during an organized lifestyle modification program. As we presented, adding a 1200 IU/day dose of vitamin D did not lead to higher changes in BMI (BMI centile) or fat mass as well as fat free mass changes in children aged [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. It needs to be stated that the results presented show that although there was a reduction in BMI in vitamin D group compared to placebo group (-0.46 ± 1.80 vs. 0.11 ±1.84) and BMI centiles also showed higher reduction in children supplemented with vitamin D (-4.28 ± 8.43 vs. -2.53 ±6.10) none of those results was statistically significant (p = 0.203 and p = 0.319 respectively).…”

Section: Effect Of Vitamin D Supplementation On Body Mass Reductionmentioning

confidence: 52%

“…In view of high risk of complications resulting from childhood obesity, early implementation of intervention programs seems to be vitally important, as in children and adolescents it is the first-choice intervention, although with limited effectiveness [8]. Several previous studies showed that integrated multidisciplinary weight-loss programs, which include the child's family as well, are the most effective [9][10][11]. Reduction of fat mass is associated with normalization of metabolic parameters, such as inflammatory markers, lipid profile, insulin resistance and arterial blood pressure [12][13][14].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation in Obese Children During Integrated Weight–Loss Programme—A Double Blind Randomized Placebo–Controlled Trial

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Vitamin D was studied in regards to its possible impact on body mass reduction and metabolic changes in adults and children with obesity yet there were no studies assessing the impact of vitamin D supplementation during a weight management program in children and adolescence. The aim of our study was to assess the influence of 26 weeks of vitamin D supplementation in overweight and obese children undergoing an integrated 12-months' long weight loss program on body mass reduction, body composition and bone mineral density. Methods: A double-blind randomized placebo-controlled trial. Vitamin D deficient patients (<30 ng/ml level of vitamin D) aged 6-14, participating in multidisciplinary weight management program were randomly allocated to receiving vitamin D (1200 IU) or placebo for the first 26 weeks of the intervention. Results: Out of the 152 qualified patients, 109 (72%) completed a full cycle of four visits scheduled in the program. There were no difference in the level of BMI (body mass index) change -both raw BMI and BMI centiles. Although the reduction of BMI centiles was greater in the vitamin D vs. placebo group (−4.28 ± 8.43 vs. −2.53 ± 6.10) the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.319). Similarly the reduction in fat mass-assessed both using bioimpedance and DEXa was achieved, yet the differences between the groups were not statistically significant. Conclusions: Our study ads substantial results to support the thesis on no effect of vitamin D supplementation on body weight reduction in children and adolescents with vitamin D insufficiency undergoing a weight management program.Nutrients 2020, 12, 1093 2 of 15 insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, and impaired tolerance of glucose, abnormal fasting plasma glucose, symptomatic diabetes mellitus, lipid disorders and cardiovascular disorders, namely arterial hypertension [4][5][6]. Obesity alone is responsible for a significant increase in the risk of mortality in general population with [7]. In view of high risk of complications resulting from childhood obesity, early implementation of intervention programs seems to be vitally important, as in children and adolescents it is the first-choice intervention, although with limited effectiveness [8]. Several previous studies showed that integrated multidisciplinary weight-loss programs, which include the child's family as well, are the most effective [9][10][11]. Reduction of fat mass is associated with normalization of metabolic parameters, such as inflammatory markers, lipid profile, insulin resistance and arterial blood pressure [12][13][14]. Therefore, early and efficient intervention increases likelihood of staying healthy in the future. As pharmacological and surgical interventions in children are limited [15][16][17], trials looking for substances supporting lifestyle interventions were run, looking at several different dietary supplements, hers (green tea, yerba mate), DHA (docosahexaenoic acid) among others [18][19][20][21][22]. Vitamin D was also studied in regards to its ...

show abstract

Interventions for treating obesity in children

Abstract: Background Child and adolescent obesity is increasingly prevalent, and can be associated with significant short-and long-term health consequences. Objectives To assess the efficacy of lifestyle, drug and surgical interventions for treating obesity in childhood.

Cited by 29 publications

References 249 publications

Effects of Lifestyle Modification Interventions to Prevent and Manage Child and Adolescent Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Effects of Lifestyle Modification Interventions to Prevent and Manage Child and Adolescent Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Adherence and barriers in e‐health self‐control training for enhancing childhood multidisciplinary obesity treatment

Long-Term Effects of Vitamin D Supplementation in Obese Children During Integrated Weight–Loss Programme—A Double Blind Randomized Placebo–Controlled Trial

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About