Interventions for tobacco use cessation in people living with HIV and AIDS

Abstract

There is moderate quality evidence that combined tobacco cessation interventions provide similar outcomes to controls in PLWHA in the long-term. There is very low quality evidence that combined tobacco cessation interventions were effective in helping PLWHA achieve short-term abstinence. Despite this, tobacco cessation interventions should be offered to PLWHA, since even non-sustained periods of abstinence have proven benefits. Further large, well designed studies of cessation interventions for PLWHA are needed.

Sex Differences in Tobacco Use Among Persons Living With HIV/AIDS: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

“…Whereas no differences in quit outcomes were found for the studies that examined data by gender, overall quit rates were generally very low with the large majority of men and women being unable to abstain from smoking over time. In general, there is a need for more efficacious and effective smoking treatments for PLWH 72-75 . More data by gender on smoking variables would help to inform efforts to develop smoking interventions that improve quit outcomes for both men and women.…”

HIV-Associated Lung Cancer

“…The importance of smoking cessation cannot be overemphasized, especially considering the results of a Danish study demonstrating that PLWHIV lose more life years through the consumption of tobacco than through the HIV infection itself [63]. Tobacco cessation itself is, however, challenging, also for PLWHIV, and special interventions for this population could only moderately elevate abstinence rates [64]. Parts of the target group might also not be eligible for any preventive measures, given the results of a large Spanish study showing that 58% of LC in HIV-positive persons occurred in intravenous drug users, only 67% were actively on cART, and the median CD4 count at the time of LC diagnosis was 237/mm 3 (range 85-397/mm 3 ), implying insufficient adherence to therapy [11.…”

Comparison of mHealth and Face-to-Face Interventions for Smoking Cessation Among People Living With HIV: Meta-Analysis (Preprint)

“…The main outcome was short-term smoking abstinence, which has been defined as abstinence of at least four weeks duration, but less than six months after the intervention was initiated 13 . The secondary outcome was smoking abstinence of at least six months duration (long-term abstinence) 14 .…”

“…Although there have been several reports on the effectiveness of smoking cessation interventions among PLHIV 13 , there are still questions left unanswered, notably about the mode of intervention delivery and its impact on smoking cessation. Short message services (SMS) and other phone-based strategies have the potential to be more cost-effective in service delivery than face-to-face contact but it has been hypothesized that such mobile health (mHealth) strategies might be less effective or no different in terms of achieving smoking abstinence 13 .…”

“…Short message services (SMS) and other phone-based strategies have the potential to be more cost-effective in service delivery than face-to-face contact but it has been hypothesized that such mobile health (mHealth) strategies might be less effective or no different in terms of achieving smoking abstinence 13 . Mobile health services provide unique opportunities for delivering smoking cessation interventions to large numbers of people at low cost.…”