Interventions for Reversing Prediabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Galavíz, Karla I.; Weber, Mary Beth; Suvada, Kara; Gujral, Unjali P.; Wei, Jingkai; Merchant, Rozina; Dharanendra, Sahrudh; Haw, J. Sonya; Narayan, K M Venkat; Ali, Mohammed Khairy

doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2021.10.020

Cited by 47 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…For people with prediabetes, antidiabetic agents are generally not applied and episodes of hypoglycaemia are rare, which both have minimal influences on the association between prediabetes and the incidence of dementia. In addition, although substantial numbers of those with prediabetes may progress into DM, prediabetes may be reversed to normoglycaemia in some people 20,44 . The cognitive outcomes are likely to diverge between people with prediabetes who progressed to DM and those who reverted to normoglycaemia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, although substantial numbers of those with prediabetes may progress into DM, prediabetes may be reversed to normoglycaemia in some people. 20,44 The cognitive outcomes are likely to diverge between people with prediabetes who progressed to DM and those who reverted to normoglycaemia. Studies are warranted in the future for further validation.…”

Section: Principal Findings and Comparison With Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prediabetes and the incidence of dementia in general population: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective studies

Wang

Teng

et al. 2022

Psychogeriatrics

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Background Continuous hyperglycaemia has been related with dementia. However, it remains unclear whether prediabetes poses a higher risk of dementia. A meta‐analysis was therefore conducted to comprehensively investigate the possible role of prediabetes as a risk factor of dementia. Methods Prospective cohort studies reporting the association of prediabetes and dementia were identified from PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase databases. A random‐effects model was applied to combine the results by incorporating the influence of heterogeneity. Subgroup analyses were also conducted to explore the influences of study features on the relationship. Sensitivity analysis re‐estimated the combined effect size after excluding single studies separately to explore the robustness of the results. Results Nine studies involving 29 986 adults from the general population, 6265 (20.9%) of whom had prediabetes, were included. It was shown that prediabetes was not independently associated with a higher incidence of dementia compared with normoglycaemia (adjusted risk ratio (RR): 1.01, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.85–1.21, P = 0.89, I2 = 39%). Subgroup analyses according to the definitions of prediabetes, follow‐up duration, method for diagnosis of dementia, and quality score produced similar findings (P for all subgroup differences >0.05). In addition, prediabetes was not independently associated with the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (RR: 1.24, 95% CI: 0.98–1.56, P = 0.07, I2 = 0%) or vascular dementia (RR: 1.16, 95% CI: 0.70–1.92, P = 0.56, I2 = 0%). Different definitions of prediabetes have the potential to influence the results, as reflected in the subgroup analysis for Alzheimer's disease (RR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.06–1.60, P = 0.01, I2 = 0%). Conclusions Prediabetes may not be an independent risk factor of all‐cause dementia or vascular dementia in the general adult population. However, changing the definition of prediabetes may have an impact on the outcome for Alzheimer's disease.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Principal Findings and Comparison With Other Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediabetes and the incidence of dementia in general population: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective studies

Wang

Teng

et al. 2022

Psychogeriatrics

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“…There is also a linear relationship between glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), an indicator of glucose metabolism, and health complications including cardiovascular diseases and all-cause mortality, even if individuals do not develop T2DM (6). Therefore, primary prevention strategies tackling upstream risk factors such as lifestyle habits are recommended to prevent or delay the onset of prediabetes itself, and to mitigate its adverse effect on health (7) Previous evidence suggests an association between psychosocial stressors at work and the risk of T2DM (8,9). Two well defined and empirically supported models have been used to assess the adverse effect of psychosocial stressors at work.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effort-reward imbalance at work, glycated hemoglobin and prediabetes prevalence in a prospective cohort

Riopel

Trudel

Milot

et al. 2023

Preprint

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ContextProspective studies and meta-analyses suggest that psychosocial stressors at work from the effort-reward imbalance model are associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Prediabetes is an intermediate disorder on the glucose metabolism continuum. It increases the risk of developing T2DM, while also being separately associated with increased mortality. Evidence about the effect of effort-reward imbalance at work on prediabetes is scarce.ObjectiveThe objective was to evaluate, in women and men, the association between effort-reward imbalance at work, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) concentration and the prevalence of prediabetes in a prospective cohort study.MethodsData were collected from 1,463 white-collar workers followed for an average of 16 years. Effort-reward imbalance at work (ERI) was measured in 1999-2001 using a validated instrument. HbA1c was assessed at follow-up (2015-18) using the immunochemical method. Several covariates were considered including sociodemographics, anthropometric, and lifestyle risk factors. Differences in mean HbA1c concentration were estimated with linear models. Prediabetes prevalence ratios (PRs) were computed using generalized linear models.ResultsIn women, those exposed to effort-reward imbalance at work had a higher prevalence of prediabetes (adjusted PR=1.5, 95% confidence interval: 1.0-2.3). There was no difference in HbA1c concentration among those exposed and those unexposed to an effort-reward imbalance at work.ConclusionAmong women, effort-reward imbalance at work was associated with the prevalence of prediabetes. Preventive workplace interventions targeting these psychosocial stressors at work may be effective strategies to reduce the prevalence of prediabetes among women.

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“…The global prevalence of type 2 diabetes is extremely serious and prediction indicates that diabetes will affect 643 million in 2030 ( 1 ). Prediabetes is viewed as an increased risk for diabetes ( 2 , 3 ) and people with prediabetes have an increased risk for cardiovascular disease, renal disease, and mortality ( 4 ). More than 70% of prediabetes will develop into diabetes without proper intervention ( 5 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genistein protects against hyperglycemia and fatty liver disease in diet-induced prediabetes mice via activating hepatic insulin signaling pathway

Zhang

Guo

et al. 2022

Front. Nutr.

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IntroductionInsulin signaling via the insulin receptor (IR) may be associated with the amelioration of diet-induced metabolic syndrome. Genistein, a soy isoflavone, has been suggested to play a role in the amelioration of high-fat diet-induced metabolic disorders.MethodsHere, we aimed to explore whether genistein regulates glucose and hepatic lipid by activating the insulin signaling pathway in diet-induced obesity mice.ResultsWe showed that treatment of western-style diet-fed mice with genistein (60 mg/kg) significantly improved insulin resistance with decreased hyperglycemia and HOMA-IR index. These effects were linked to activating hepatic IRβ/PI3K/Akt signaling. Furthermore, genistein suppressed gluconeogenesis and promoted glycogen synthesis to maintain glucose homeostasis by increasing the phosphorylation of hepatic FOXO1/GSK3β in vivo and in vitro. The reduced level of insulin and upregulation of insulin signaling in genistein-treated mice also lead to an increase in hepatic energy status by inducing energy-sensing AMPK, reducing hepatic SREBP1c/ACC/FAS without affecting β-oxidation to prevent hepatic lipid accumulation. The protective effect of genistein on hepatic lipid accumulation was also validated in vitro. Besides, genistein had little effect on improvements in intestinal function and liver inflammation.ConclusionTaken together, our results showed that genistein prevents insulin resistance and hyperglycemia through improvements in hepatic function. This study provides new insight into the mechanisms of genistein mediating glucose metabolism and suggests that genistein may be a promising diet ingredient for preventing prediabetes and hepatic lipid accumulation.

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Interventions for Reversing Prediabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Cited by 47 publications

References 90 publications

Prediabetes and the incidence of dementia in general population: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective studies

Prediabetes and the incidence of dementia in general population: a systematic review and meta‐analysis of prospective studies

Effort-reward imbalance at work, glycated hemoglobin and prediabetes prevalence in a prospective cohort

Genistein protects against hyperglycemia and fatty liver disease in diet-induced prediabetes mice via activating hepatic insulin signaling pathway

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